Revista Fuentes, el Reventón Energético

Vol. 23 Núm. 1 (2025): Revista fuentes
Artículos

Efecto de las tasas de crecimiento de solidificación y enfriamiento en las Fases proeutécticas de Alα, cristales masivos de silicio, mezcla eutéctica y dureza en aleaciones de Al-12.6wt.%Si-xBi

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  • Fernando Sousa da Rocha,
  • Raquel de Sales-França,
  • André Cruz da Costa-Maciel,
  • Maria Adrina Paixão-de Sousa da Silva,
  • Thiago Antônio Paixão-de Sousa Costa,
  • Otavio Fernandes Lima-da Rocha,
  • Antonio Luciano Seabra-Moreira
Raquel de Sales-França
Research Group on Physical Metallurgy and Transformation - GPEMET, Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Pará
André Cruz da Costa-Maciel
Materials Processing Center - NPM, Graduate Program in Mechanical Engineering, Federal University of Pará
Maria Adrina Paixão-de Sousa da Silva
Materials Processing Center - NPM, Graduate Program in Mechanical Engineering, Federal University of Pará
Thiago Antônio Paixão-de Sousa Costa
Research Group on Physical Metallurgy and Transformation - GPEMET, Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Pará
Otavio Fernandes Lima-da Rocha
Research Group on Physical Metallurgy and Transformation - GPEMET, Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Pará
Antonio Luciano Seabra-Moreira
Research Group on Solidification - GPSOL, Graduate Program in Mechanical Engineering, Federal University of Pará
DOI: https://doi.org/10.18273/revfue.v23n1-2025005

Publicado 2025-06-30

Palabras clave

  • Solidificación Ascendente en Estado no Estacionario,
  • Microestructura,
  • Dureza,
  • Aleaciones Al-Si-Bi

Cómo citar

Sousa da Rocha, F., de Sales-França, R., Cruz da Costa-Maciel, A., Paixão-de Sousa da Silva, M. A., Paixão-de Sousa Costa, T. A., Lima-da Rocha, O. F., & Seabra-Moreira , A. L. (2025). Efecto de las tasas de crecimiento de solidificación y enfriamiento en las Fases proeutécticas de Alα, cristales masivos de silicio, mezcla eutéctica y dureza en aleaciones de Al-12.6wt.%Si-xBi. Revista Fuentes, El Reventón Energético, 23(1), 73–82. https://doi.org/10.18273/revfue.v23n1-2025005

Derechos de autor 2025 Revista Fuentes, el Reventón Energético

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Resumen

Se realizaron experimentos de colada con aleaciones Al-12.6wt.%Si-xBi (x = 0 y 3.2wt.%) utilizando un aparato de solidificación ascendente enfriado por agua. Se obtuvo una microestructura de solidificación típica y compleja, compuesta por fases proeutécticas de cristales primarios ricos en Al y Si masivo, rodeadas por una mezcla irregular de fases eutécticas formada por cristales eutécticos de Al + Si. En la aleación Al-12.6wt.%Si-3.2wt.%Bi, la mezcla eutéctica observada también contenía glóbulos de Bi. La fase primaria proeutéctica rica en Al se formó mediante una red dendrítica y se destacó por valores elevados de velocidad de crecimiento (GR) y tasas de enfriamiento (CR), mientras que los cristales masivos de Si se verificaron para menores valores de GR y CR. La escala de la microestructura se midió a través de los espaciamientos dendríticos secundarios y eutécticos (l2 y lSi, respectivamente), logrando valores más bajos de l2 y lSi para mayores resultados de GR y CR. Se evidenció una transición de cristales de Si eutéctico fibroso/esferoidal a cristales de Si eutéctico en forma de lámina para valores de GR y CR iguales a 0.94 mm/s y 6.5 ºC/s, respectivamente. Se realizaron pruebas de dureza Vickers y Rockwell F (HV y RH), cuyos resultados mostraron que la microestructura afecta RH, aunque no significativamente HV. Además, las leyes experimentales de crecimiento, dadas por l2CR1/2 = Constante y lSiGR1/2= Constante, coincidieron con las predicciones teóricas propuestas en la literatura.

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