Evaluación de la metodología de dinámica de fluidos computacional para investigar el fenómeno de desprendimiento de vórtices en turbinas eólicas e hidrocinéticas sin palas.
Publicado 2025-06-30
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Derechos de autor 2025 Revista Fuentes, el Reventón Energético

Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.
Resumen
El escenario global actual indica la sustitución gradual de la generación de energía a partir de combustibles fósiles por fuentes renovables. Esta tendencia ha acelerado el desarrollo de nuevos sistemas de generación de energía limpia, como las turbinas cinéticas sin palas excitadas por el fenómeno de vibración inducida por vórtices. En el proyecto de estos innovadores dispositivos, es crucial disponer de una metodología de cálculo numérico para investigar los fenómenos aeroelásticos que excitan el sistema. Así, una vez validado el modelo numérico, se pueden evaluar diferentes configuraciones operativas del sistema. El presente estudio pretende analizar los diferentes pasos en el desarrollo de un modelo de dinámica de fluidos computacional que sea capaz de reproducir el desprendimiento de vórtices alrededor de la sección cilíndrica de una turbina sin palas para proporcionar los coeficientes de arrastre y sustentación necesarios para la determinación de la fuerza de excitación sobre el cilindro. Se analizan en detalle cuestiones como el refinamiento de la malla, los efectos del paso de tiempo y la selección del modelo de turbulencia. Los resultados obtenidos para los coeficientes de arrastre y sustentación, el número de Strouhal y el coeficiente de presión concuerdan con los resultados de la literatura. Los resultados indican que el modelo numérico desarrollado puede aplicarse eficazmente al estudio de turbinas cinéticas sin palas.
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