Revista UIS Ingenierías

Vol. 24 Núm. 4 (2025): Revista UIS Ingenierías
Artículos

Obtención de silicatos alcalinos a partir de un residuo agroindustrial

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  • Ruby Mejía-de Gutiérrez,
  • Mónica Villaquirán-Caicedo,
  • Marisol Gordillo-Suárez
Ruby Mejía-de Gutiérrez
Universidad del Valle
Mónica Villaquirán-Caicedo
Universidad del Valle
Marisol Gordillo-Suárez
Universidad Autónoma de Occidente
DOI: https://doi.org/10.18273/revuin.v24n4-2025005

Publicado 2025-11-26

Palabras clave

  • cascarilla de arroz,
  • ceniza de cascarilla de arroz,
  • silicatos alcalinos,
  • silice precipitada,
  • geopolimero

Cómo citar

Mejía-de Gutiérrez, R., Villaquirán-Caicedo, M., & Gordillo-Suárez , M. (2025). Obtención de silicatos alcalinos a partir de un residuo agroindustrial. Revista UIS Ingenierías, 24(4), 65–80. https://doi.org/10.18273/revuin.v24n4-2025005

Derechos de autor 2025 Revista UIS Ingenierías

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Resumen

Cascarilla de arroz (CA), proveniente de una arrocera de la región del Valle del Cauca, fue empleada en la síntesis de silicatos alcalinos, los cuales fueron validades en la producción de sílice precipitada y geopolímeros. La Ceniza de cascarilla de arroz (CCA) fue obtenida a partir de tratamientos químicos (TQ) y térmicos (TT) de la CA, y caracterizada por medio de técnicas como microscopia electrónica, análisis termogravimétrico y difracción de rayos X para conocer su calidad. Los resultados mostraron que la CCA-TQ (densidad de 2,03 g/cm3) presenta mayor contenido de sílice amorfa y mayor área específica en comparación de CCA-TT (densidad de 2,13 g/cm3), sin embargo, en ambos casos contienen más de 94% de SiO2 en su composición. La aplicación de optimización de variables de síntesis hidrotermal (relaciones molares NaOH/SiO2, H2O/SiO2, Temperatura, y Tiempo) a las CCA produjo silicatos alcalinos con alto contenido de SiO2 y baja alcalinidad, los cuales son aptos para la generación de sílice precipitada con 98% de pureza y geopolímeros que pueden alcanzar resistencias a compresión de hasta 37.9 MPa, siendo un 45,8% superior a geopolímeros producidos con un silicato comercial nacional.

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