Revista UIS Ingenierías

Vol. 24 Núm. 4 (2025): Revista UIS Ingenierías
Artículos

Turbinas hidrocinéticas: Características, principio de funcionamiento e impactos ambientales asociados

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  • Karen Y. Restrepo-Zapata ,
  • Johan Betancour-Osorio,
  • Ainhoa Rubio-Clemente
Karen Y. Restrepo-Zapata
Institución Universitaria TdeAn
Johan Betancour-Osorio
Universidad de Antioquia
Ainhoa Rubio-Clemente
Universidad de Antioquia
DOI: https://doi.org/10.18273/revuin.v24n4-2025007

Publicado 2025-12-01

Palabras clave

  • cambio climático,
  • energía cinética,
  • energía renovable,
  • fuentes no convencionales,
  • generación de electricidad,
  • impacto ambiental,
  • medio ambiente,
  • recurso hídrico,
  • sostenibilidad,
  • turbina hidrocinética
    • ...Más
    Menos

Cómo citar

Restrepo-Zapata , K. Y., Betancour-Osorio, J., & Rubio-Clemente, A. (2025). Turbinas hidrocinéticas: Características, principio de funcionamiento e impactos ambientales asociados. Revista UIS Ingenierías, 24(4), 91–106. https://doi.org/10.18273/revuin.v24n4-2025007

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Resumen

Las turbinas hidrocinéticas constituyen una alternativa tecnológica para la generación de electricidad mediante el aprovechamiento de la energía cinética presente en corrientes de agua. Su implementación contribuye al suministro eléctrico en zonas remotas, mejorando la calidad de vida de las poblaciones locales. A pesar de ser catalogadas como fuentes de energía limpia, el desarrollo de esta tecnología ha suscitado preocupaciones en torno a sus posibles efectos sobre la fauna acuática y al impacto ambiental derivado de su instalación en ecosistemas naturales. Esto se debe a que, independientemente de la sostenibilidad en sus procesos de diseño, construcción y operación, la interacción con el entorno natural inevitablemente genera alteraciones ecológicas. En este estudio se analizan las características, el principio de funcionamiento y los impactos ambientales asociados a las turbinas hidrocinéticas, abordando su evolución histórica y clasificación, con especial énfasis en los modelos basados ​​en el tornillo de Arquímedes.

 

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