ANÁLISIS DEL DESARROLLO DE LOS PARQUES CIENTÍFICO - TECNOLÓGICOS (PCTS) EN COLOMBIA
Published 2015-01-15
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Abstract
RESUMEN ANALÍTICO
Los Parques Científicos Tecnológicos (PCTs), o Parques Tecnológicos (PTs), se han estudiado principalmente en los países desarrollados. Respondiendo a esta brecha de conocimiento, en este artículo presentamos una caracterización del proceso de desarrollo de las iniciativas de PTs en Colombia por medio de un estudio de caso múltiple sobre las iniciativas reconocidas por la política nacional de PTs y del análisis comparativo del desarrollo de las mismas, a la luz de cinco modelos identificados en la literatura de parques. Típicamente, a un PT debe tomarle en promedio diez años alcanzar su tercera fase de desarrollo o fase de madurez. En Colombia, el desarrollo de los PTs no presenta un comportamiento típico dado que después de doce años del impulso brindado por el Estado Colombiano a estos proyectos, con la promulgación de la Política Nacional de PTs, tres parques se mantienen en fase de incubación como proyectos; la institución líder hasta el 2012, el Parque Tecnológico de Antioquia anunció el inicio de su liquidación; y el Parque Tecnológico de Guatiguará aunque avanza en su proceso desarrollo, se mantiene en fase de incubación. Los resultados de investigación incluyen la identificación de variables diferenciadoras dentro del desarrollo de las dos iniciativas de PT más desarrolladas en Colombia y un análisis de perspectivas de futuros campos de investigación.
PALABRAS CLAVES: Parques Científico-Tecnológicos, Parques Tecnológicos, modelo de desarrollo, fase de desarrollo, desempeño.
COLOMBIAN SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY PARKS (STPS): ANALYSIS OF THEIR DEVELOPMENT
ANALYTICAL SUMMARY
Science Technology Parks (STP), or Technology Parks (TPs), have been studied mainly in developed countries contexts. Responding to this knowledge gap, this article presents a characterization of TPs initiatives development process in Colombia through a multiple case study of parks recognized by the TPs national policy, and a comparative analysis development of them, from the point of view of five models identified in TPs literature. Typically, a TP must take on average, ten years to reach its third phase of development or maturity phase. In Colombia, the development of TPs, there are not the typical behavior because after twelve years of support provided by the Colombian state for these projects, with the enactment of TPs National Policy, three parks keep in incubation stage, as projects; the leading institution until 2012, Antioquia Technology Park announced its liquidation; and Guatiguará Technology Park although of advances in its development process, keeps in the incubation stage. Research results include identification of differentiating variables in the development of the two most developed TPs initiatives in Colombia and one analysis of future prospects of research fields.
KEYWORDS: Science Technology Parks, stage development, development model, performance.
Forma de citar: Angulo Cuentas, G., Camacho Pico, J., & Romero Riaño, E. (2014). Análisis del desarrollo de los parques científi co-tecnológicos (PCTS) en Colombia. En R, Llamosa Villalba (Ed.). Revista Gerencia Tecnológica Informática, 13(36), 49-59. ISSN 1657-8236.
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