Mathematical modeling and numerical simulation of a desalination plant - MSF

Abstract

The complexity of the access to drinking water problem points to the need for studies and evaluations that facilitate the use of alternative sources of drinking water able meet basic human needs and also enable the development of economic activities in these regions. In these terms, motivated by the discussion of such a relevant subject, the objective of this work was to perform the mathematical modeling and the numerical simulation of a desalination plant using the Multiple Stage Flash Distillation (MSF) method, as a desalination method to meet the existing demands. For the execution of this study, the EES® modeling software was used, in which the influence of operational parameters on the performance of the desalination plant was evaluated. The resulting model was able to reproduce the actual operationa data and forecast operating conditions. The tools of mathematical modeling and numerical simulation are important for the development of proposals of projects and efficient and viable technologies for water desalination, able to assist in water supply. In theory, its use can significantly reduce engineering time, creating the ability to test different variable
and operational options and other parameters, in a computer program, and not in physical test models. This capability
can theoretically affect the cost of the project/installation, and the final cost to the population that can take advantage
of these facilities (if constructed, installed and put into operation), eliminating the need for multiple physical prototypes
to be made and tested. The results of the study show that the number of stages is the variable that most affects the
performance of the plant, since the flow of heating steam decreases dramatically with the increase in the number of
stages, this makes the plant more efficient and economical from an energetic point of view. It is also verified that the
variables related to sea water do not provide significant variations in plant performance. And finally, the elevation of
the maximum brine temperature causes a reduction in the total area of heat transfer, however, with respect to plant
performance, the maximum brine temperature does not significantly affect this parameter in the process.