Vol. 30 Núm. 2 (2017): Revista ION
Artículos

Evaluación de la capacidad de almacenamiento de energía en xerogeles de carbono activados obtenidos a partir lignina

Giovanna Diossa
Grupo de Pulpa y Papel, Facultad de Ingeniería Química. Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana
Chris Daniela Castro
Grupo de Pulpa y Papel, Facultad de Ingeniería Química. Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana
Zulamita Zapata-Benabithe
Grupo de Energía y Termodinámica, Facultad de Ingeniería Química. Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana
Germán Quintana
Grupo de Pulpa y Papel, Facultad de Ingeniería Química. Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana

Publicado 2018-05-05

Palabras clave

  • Lignina,
  • Xerogeles de Carbono Activados,
  • Propiedades Electroquímicas,
  • Ácido Fosfórico.

Cómo citar

Diossa, G., Castro, C. D., Zapata-Benabithe, Z., & Quintana, G. (2018). Evaluación de la capacidad de almacenamiento de energía en xerogeles de carbono activados obtenidos a partir lignina. Revista ION, 30(2), 17–30. https://doi.org/10.18273/revion.v30n2-2017002

Resumen

En este trabajo se prepararon dos tipos de xerogeles orgánicos a partir de soluciones sol-gel usando resorcinol (R), formaldehido (F), lignina (L) y NaOH (C) como catalizador. La relación másica L/(R+L) se fijó en 0,27 y el contenido de catalizador se varió en dos relaciones másicas de (R+L)/C, 90,3 (serie G) y 72,1 (serie D). Los xerogeles orgánicos se activaron químicamente con ácido fosfórico a una relación másica de ácido a xerogel de 0,85/1, 1h de impregnación y 2h de activación y una temperatura de activación de 450°C. Los xerogeles de carbono activados se evaluaron electroquímicamente como electrodos para supercondensadores mediante diferentes técnicas como voltamperometría cíclica (VC), cronopotenciometría (CP) y espectroscopía de impedancia electroquímica (EIS) en una configuración de dos y tres electrodos. El valor de la capacidad gravimétrica a partir de las curvas de voltamperometría cíclica a 0,5mV/s (0 – 0,75V) para las muestras activadas GA27 y DA27 fueron 222 y 226F/g, respectivamente. La muestra DA27 mostró una mayor retención de la energía, que es atribuible a un aumento de la presencia de mesoporos en la muestra comparada con la GA27. Los mesoporos s forman debido a la degradación de la lignina en la activación con ácido fosfórico; la muestra DA27 tiene una reticulación superior en comparación con la muestra GA27, ya que el interior del xerogel orgánico es menos accesible. La muestra con mayor contenido de catalizador mostró mejor comportamiento electroquímico para su aplicación como electrodos para supercondensadores.

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