Articles
Characterization and mitigation of slugging flow in oil gathering networks under dynamic conditions
Published 2015-12-03
Keywords
- Flow assurance,
- Multiphasic flow,
- Slug flow,
- Transient flow,
- Transportation phenomena
- Surface facilities ...More
How to Cite
Cabarcas, M., Padron, R. E., & Valle, G. A. (2015). Characterization and mitigation of slugging flow in oil gathering networks under dynamic conditions. Fuentes, El reventón energético, 13(2). https://doi.org/10.18273/revfue.v13n2-2015007
Abstract
Challenges associated to multiphasic fl ow are as old as the petroleum industry itself. In many oil and gas fields with multiphasic flow lines, production instability due to severe slugging is their main flow assurance issue. In Colombia, the previous works on this matter are rather limited. There are strong reasons to presume the existence of flow assurance issues related to severe slugging in many national fields. The main purpose of this article is to perform a technical compliance of the most relevant studies related to severe slugging in the Oil and Gas industry operations, which allows to set basis for further works in this area, addressing the matter in the national context.
This paper contains a state-of-the-art review on severe slugging, intermittent flow, their characteristics, and a thorough revision of the existing numerical simulation methods in literature. in addition, this document proposes a methodology for the realization of similar studies, and a discussion of mitigation strategies and their application on field operations.
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References
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2. ALVAREZ, C. J., & AL-AWWAMI, M. H. (1999, January). SPE 56463. Wet crude transport through a complex hilly terrain pipeline network. In SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. Society of Petroleum Engineers.
3. ARAÚJO, J. D. P., MIRANDA, J. M., & CAMPOS, J. B. L. M. (2013). Simulation of slug flow systems under laminar regime: Hydrodynamics with individual and a pair of consecutive Taylor bubbles. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 111, 1-14.
4. BARNEA D, BRAUNER N (1985) Holdup of the liquid slug in two phase intermittent flow. Int J Multiph Flow 11:43–49
5. BARNEA D, TAITEL Y (1993) A model for slug length distribution in a gas–liquid slug flow. Int J Multiph Flow 19(5):829–838.
6. BELT, R., DURET, E., LARREY, D., DJORIC, B., & KALALI, S. (2011, June). Comparison of commercial multiphase flow simulators with experimental and field databases. In 15th International Conference on Multiphase Production Technology. BHR Group.
7. BENDIKSEN, K. H., MAINES, D., MOE, R., & NULAND, S. (1991). The dynamic two-fluid model OLGA: Theory and application. SPE production engineering, 6(02), 171-180.
8. BLACK, P. S., DANIELS, L. C., HOYLE, N. C., & JEPSON, W. P. (1990). Studying transient multiphase flow using the pipeline analysis code (PLAC). Journal of Energy Resources Technology, 112(1), 25-29.
9. BUGG, J. D., MACK, K., & REZKALLAH, K. S. (1998). A numerical model of Taylor bubbles rising through stagnant liquids in vertical tubes. International journal of multiphase flow, 24(2), 271- 281.
10. CHOI, J., PEREYRA, E., SARICA, C., LEE, H., JANG, I. S., & KANG, J. (2013). Development of a fast transient simulator for gas–liquid two-phase flow in pipes. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 102, 27-35.
11. COOK M, BEHNIA M (2000) Slug length prediction in near horizontal gas liquid intermittent flow. Chem Eng Sci 55:2009–2018”
12. DANIELSON, T. J., BANSAL, K. M., DJORIC, B., LARREY, D., JOHANSEN, S. T., DE LEEBEECK, A., & KJOLAAS, J. (2012, April). Simulation of slug flow in oil and gas pipelines using a new transient simulator. In Offshore Technology Conference. Offshore Technology Conference.
13. DUKLER AE, HUBBARD MGA (1975) A model for liquid slug flow in horizontal and near horizontal tubes. Ind Eng Chem Fundamentals. 14:337–347”
14. ELLUL, I. R., SAETHER, G., & SHIPPEN, M. E. (2004, January). The Modeling of Multiphase Systems under Steady-State and Transient Conditions-A Tutorial. In PSIG Annual Meeting. Pipeline Simulation Interest Group
15. ERICKSON, D. D., & MAI, M. C. (1999). Application of transient-multiphase-flow technology. Journal of petroleum technology, 51(04), 84-87.
16. FABRE J, LINÉ A (1992) Modeling of two-phase slug flow. Annu Rev Fluid Mech 24:21–46
17. GHAJAR, A. J. (2005). Non-boiling heat transfer in gas-liquid flow in pipes: a tutorial. Journal of the Brazilian Society of Mechanical Sciences and Engineering, 27(1), 46-73.
18. ISSA RI, KEMPF MHW (2003) Simulation of slug flow in horizontal and nearly horizontal pipes with the two-fluid model. Int J Multiph Flow 29:69–95
19. ISSA, R.I., WOODBURN, P., (1998). Numerical prediction of instabilities and slug formation in horizontal two-phase flows. 3rd International Conference on Multiphase Flow, ICMF98, Lyon, France.
20. ISSA, R.I., BONIZZI, M., BARBEAU, S. (2006), Improved closure models for gas entrainment and interfacial shear for slug flow modeling in horizontal pipes, International Journal of Multiphase Flow 32 1287–1293.
21. KJELDBY TK, HENKES RAWM, NYDAL OJ (2013) Lagrangian slug flow modeling and sensitivity on hydrodynamic slug initiation methods in a severe slugging case. Int J Multiph Flow 53:23– 39
22. KJOLAAS, J., & JOHANSEN, S. T. (2014, July). Terrain Slugging in a High-Pressure Pipeline-Riser System-Large Scale Experiments and Predictions With LedaFlow. In 9th North American Conference on Multiphase Technology. BHR Group.
23. KJØLAAS, J., DE LEEBEECK, A., & JOHANSEN, S. T. (2013, June). Simulation of Hydrodynamic Slug Flow Using the LedaFlow Slug Capturing model. In 16th International Conference on Multiphase Production Technology. BHR Group.
24. LARSEN M, HUSTVEDT E, STRAUME T (1997) PeTra: a novel computer code for simulation of slug flow. SPE annual technical conference and exhibition, San Antonio, Texas, 5–8 October.
25. LIN, P.Y., HANRATTY, T.J., 1986. Prediction of the initiation of slugs with linear stability theory. Int. J. Multiphase Flow 12, 79–98.
26. NYDAL OJ, BANERJEE S (1996) Dynamic slug tracking simulations for gas–liquid flow in pipelines. Chem Eng Commun 141–142:13–39”
27. OMOWUNMI, S. C., ABDULSSALAM, M., JANSSEN, R., & OTIGBAH, P. (2013, March). Methodology For Characterising Slugs and Operational Mitigation Strategy Using Olga Slug Tracking Module-Egina Deepwater Project. InOffshore Mediterranean Conference and Exhibition. Offshore Mediterranean Conference.
28. PAUCHON, C. L., & DHULESIA, H. (1994, January). TACITE: A transient tool for multiphase pipeline and well simulation. In SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. Society of Petroleum Engineering.
29. ROSA, E. S., MAZZA, R. A., MORALES, R. E., RODRIGUES, H. T., & COZIN, C. (2015). Analysis of slug tracking model for gas–liquid flows in a pipe. Journal of the Brazilian Society of Mechanical Sciences and Engineering, 1-22.
30. R. SCHULKES, Gas entrainment at a propating slug front, Study group 2007.
31. SHEA R. EIDSMOEN H., NORDSVEEN M., “Slug Frequency Prediction Method Comparison”, 4th north american conference on multiphase technology, Canadá, 3-4 June 2004
32. TAHA, T., & CUI, Z. F. (2006). CFD modelling of slug flow inside square capillaries. Chemical Engineering Science, 61(2), 665-675.
33. TAITEL Y, BARNEA D (1990) Two-phase slug flow. In: Hartnett JP, Irvine TF Jr (eds) Advances in heat transfer. Elsevier, 20, pp 83–132.
34. TAITEL Y, BARNEA D (1998) Effect of gas compressibility on a slug tracking model. Chem Eng Sci 53:2089–2097.
35. TAITEL, Y. (1986). Stability of severe slugging. International journal of multiphase flow, 12(2), 203- 217
36. D. BARNEA & Y. TAITEL, “A model for slug length distribution in gas liquid slug flow, Int. J. Multiphase Flow, Int. J. Multiphase flow, 19, 829- 838
37. TANG, Y., & DANIELSON, T. J. (2006, January). Pipelines slugging and mitigation: case study for stability and production optimization. In SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition Society of Petroleum Engineers
38. UJANG PM, LAWRENCE CJ, HEWITT GF (2006) Conservative incompressible slug tracking model for gas–liquid flow in a pipe. 5th BHRG North American conference on multiphase technology, Banff, Canada, May 31
39. WANG X, GUO L, ZHANG X (2006) Development of liquid slug length in gas–liquid slug flow along horizontal pipeline: experimental and simulation. Chinese J Chem Eng 14(5):626–63.
40. YOCUM, B. T. (1973). Offshore riser slug flow avoidance: Mathematical model for design and optimization. Paper presented at SPE London Meeting, SPE 4312, London, UK
41. ZHENG G, BRILL JP, TAITEL Y (1994) Slug flow behavior in a hilly terrain pipeline. Int J Multiph Flow 20:63–79.
2. ALVAREZ, C. J., & AL-AWWAMI, M. H. (1999, January). SPE 56463. Wet crude transport through a complex hilly terrain pipeline network. In SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. Society of Petroleum Engineers.
3. ARAÚJO, J. D. P., MIRANDA, J. M., & CAMPOS, J. B. L. M. (2013). Simulation of slug flow systems under laminar regime: Hydrodynamics with individual and a pair of consecutive Taylor bubbles. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 111, 1-14.
4. BARNEA D, BRAUNER N (1985) Holdup of the liquid slug in two phase intermittent flow. Int J Multiph Flow 11:43–49
5. BARNEA D, TAITEL Y (1993) A model for slug length distribution in a gas–liquid slug flow. Int J Multiph Flow 19(5):829–838.
6. BELT, R., DURET, E., LARREY, D., DJORIC, B., & KALALI, S. (2011, June). Comparison of commercial multiphase flow simulators with experimental and field databases. In 15th International Conference on Multiphase Production Technology. BHR Group.
7. BENDIKSEN, K. H., MAINES, D., MOE, R., & NULAND, S. (1991). The dynamic two-fluid model OLGA: Theory and application. SPE production engineering, 6(02), 171-180.
8. BLACK, P. S., DANIELS, L. C., HOYLE, N. C., & JEPSON, W. P. (1990). Studying transient multiphase flow using the pipeline analysis code (PLAC). Journal of Energy Resources Technology, 112(1), 25-29.
9. BUGG, J. D., MACK, K., & REZKALLAH, K. S. (1998). A numerical model of Taylor bubbles rising through stagnant liquids in vertical tubes. International journal of multiphase flow, 24(2), 271- 281.
10. CHOI, J., PEREYRA, E., SARICA, C., LEE, H., JANG, I. S., & KANG, J. (2013). Development of a fast transient simulator for gas–liquid two-phase flow in pipes. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 102, 27-35.
11. COOK M, BEHNIA M (2000) Slug length prediction in near horizontal gas liquid intermittent flow. Chem Eng Sci 55:2009–2018”
12. DANIELSON, T. J., BANSAL, K. M., DJORIC, B., LARREY, D., JOHANSEN, S. T., DE LEEBEECK, A., & KJOLAAS, J. (2012, April). Simulation of slug flow in oil and gas pipelines using a new transient simulator. In Offshore Technology Conference. Offshore Technology Conference.
13. DUKLER AE, HUBBARD MGA (1975) A model for liquid slug flow in horizontal and near horizontal tubes. Ind Eng Chem Fundamentals. 14:337–347”
14. ELLUL, I. R., SAETHER, G., & SHIPPEN, M. E. (2004, January). The Modeling of Multiphase Systems under Steady-State and Transient Conditions-A Tutorial. In PSIG Annual Meeting. Pipeline Simulation Interest Group
15. ERICKSON, D. D., & MAI, M. C. (1999). Application of transient-multiphase-flow technology. Journal of petroleum technology, 51(04), 84-87.
16. FABRE J, LINÉ A (1992) Modeling of two-phase slug flow. Annu Rev Fluid Mech 24:21–46
17. GHAJAR, A. J. (2005). Non-boiling heat transfer in gas-liquid flow in pipes: a tutorial. Journal of the Brazilian Society of Mechanical Sciences and Engineering, 27(1), 46-73.
18. ISSA RI, KEMPF MHW (2003) Simulation of slug flow in horizontal and nearly horizontal pipes with the two-fluid model. Int J Multiph Flow 29:69–95
19. ISSA, R.I., WOODBURN, P., (1998). Numerical prediction of instabilities and slug formation in horizontal two-phase flows. 3rd International Conference on Multiphase Flow, ICMF98, Lyon, France.
20. ISSA, R.I., BONIZZI, M., BARBEAU, S. (2006), Improved closure models for gas entrainment and interfacial shear for slug flow modeling in horizontal pipes, International Journal of Multiphase Flow 32 1287–1293.
21. KJELDBY TK, HENKES RAWM, NYDAL OJ (2013) Lagrangian slug flow modeling and sensitivity on hydrodynamic slug initiation methods in a severe slugging case. Int J Multiph Flow 53:23– 39
22. KJOLAAS, J., & JOHANSEN, S. T. (2014, July). Terrain Slugging in a High-Pressure Pipeline-Riser System-Large Scale Experiments and Predictions With LedaFlow. In 9th North American Conference on Multiphase Technology. BHR Group.
23. KJØLAAS, J., DE LEEBEECK, A., & JOHANSEN, S. T. (2013, June). Simulation of Hydrodynamic Slug Flow Using the LedaFlow Slug Capturing model. In 16th International Conference on Multiphase Production Technology. BHR Group.
24. LARSEN M, HUSTVEDT E, STRAUME T (1997) PeTra: a novel computer code for simulation of slug flow. SPE annual technical conference and exhibition, San Antonio, Texas, 5–8 October.
25. LIN, P.Y., HANRATTY, T.J., 1986. Prediction of the initiation of slugs with linear stability theory. Int. J. Multiphase Flow 12, 79–98.
26. NYDAL OJ, BANERJEE S (1996) Dynamic slug tracking simulations for gas–liquid flow in pipelines. Chem Eng Commun 141–142:13–39”
27. OMOWUNMI, S. C., ABDULSSALAM, M., JANSSEN, R., & OTIGBAH, P. (2013, March). Methodology For Characterising Slugs and Operational Mitigation Strategy Using Olga Slug Tracking Module-Egina Deepwater Project. InOffshore Mediterranean Conference and Exhibition. Offshore Mediterranean Conference.
28. PAUCHON, C. L., & DHULESIA, H. (1994, January). TACITE: A transient tool for multiphase pipeline and well simulation. In SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. Society of Petroleum Engineering.
29. ROSA, E. S., MAZZA, R. A., MORALES, R. E., RODRIGUES, H. T., & COZIN, C. (2015). Analysis of slug tracking model for gas–liquid flows in a pipe. Journal of the Brazilian Society of Mechanical Sciences and Engineering, 1-22.
30. R. SCHULKES, Gas entrainment at a propating slug front, Study group 2007.
31. SHEA R. EIDSMOEN H., NORDSVEEN M., “Slug Frequency Prediction Method Comparison”, 4th north american conference on multiphase technology, Canadá, 3-4 June 2004
32. TAHA, T., & CUI, Z. F. (2006). CFD modelling of slug flow inside square capillaries. Chemical Engineering Science, 61(2), 665-675.
33. TAITEL Y, BARNEA D (1990) Two-phase slug flow. In: Hartnett JP, Irvine TF Jr (eds) Advances in heat transfer. Elsevier, 20, pp 83–132.
34. TAITEL Y, BARNEA D (1998) Effect of gas compressibility on a slug tracking model. Chem Eng Sci 53:2089–2097.
35. TAITEL, Y. (1986). Stability of severe slugging. International journal of multiphase flow, 12(2), 203- 217
36. D. BARNEA & Y. TAITEL, “A model for slug length distribution in gas liquid slug flow, Int. J. Multiphase Flow, Int. J. Multiphase flow, 19, 829- 838
37. TANG, Y., & DANIELSON, T. J. (2006, January). Pipelines slugging and mitigation: case study for stability and production optimization. In SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition Society of Petroleum Engineers
38. UJANG PM, LAWRENCE CJ, HEWITT GF (2006) Conservative incompressible slug tracking model for gas–liquid flow in a pipe. 5th BHRG North American conference on multiphase technology, Banff, Canada, May 31
39. WANG X, GUO L, ZHANG X (2006) Development of liquid slug length in gas–liquid slug flow along horizontal pipeline: experimental and simulation. Chinese J Chem Eng 14(5):626–63.
40. YOCUM, B. T. (1973). Offshore riser slug flow avoidance: Mathematical model for design and optimization. Paper presented at SPE London Meeting, SPE 4312, London, UK
41. ZHENG G, BRILL JP, TAITEL Y (1994) Slug flow behavior in a hilly terrain pipeline. Int J Multiph Flow 20:63–79.