Vol. 37 Núm. 1 (2024): Revista ION
Artículos

Anomalías morfológicas en Tribolium castaneum herbst tratado con ocho compuestos tóxicos

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  • Nerlis Paola Pájaro Castro,
  • Karina Caballero-Gallardo,
  • Jesus Olivero-Verbel
Nerlis Paola Pájaro Castro
universidad de Sucre
Karina Caballero-Gallardo
Universidad de Cartagena
Jesus Olivero-Verbel
Universidad de Cartagena
DOI: https://doi.org/10.18273/revion.v37n1-2024001

Publicado 2024-05-06

Palabras clave

  • Invertebrado,
  • Efectos tóxicos,
  • Ecotoxicología,
  • Reproducción

Cómo citar

Pájaro Castro, N. P., Caballero-Gallardo, K. ., & Olivero-Verbel, J. (2024). Anomalías morfológicas en Tribolium castaneum herbst tratado con ocho compuestos tóxicos. Revista ION, 37(1), 15–24. https://doi.org/10.18273/revion.v37n1-2024001

Derechos de autor 2024 Nerlis Paola Pájaro Castro, Karina Caballero-Gallardo, Jesus Olivero-Verbel

Creative Commons License

Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.

Resumen

Las pruebas de toxicidad son esenciales para prevenir la contaminación química del medio ambiente. Tribolium castaneum se puede utilizar como modelo alternativo para la detección preliminar de toxicidad; se evaluaron ocho compuestos químicos con toxicidad conocida. Por ejemplo, el cloruro de mercurio II se considera tóxico a concentraciones superiores a 0,1 mg/L en agua potable, el fenol a concentraciones superiores a 5 mg/L en agua potable puede ser peligroso, para el caso del tolueno la exposición a concentraciones superiores a 200 ppm (partes por millón) en el aire puede ser perjudicial para la salud, la hidrazina puede ser peligrosa a concentraciones superiores a 1 mg/L en agua potable, y la cafeína puede causar efectos adversos como nerviosismo, insomnio, taquicardia y temblores por exposición a dosis superiores a 500 - 600 mg en adultos. Los insectos adultos fueron alimentados con una dieta de avena complementada con cada tóxico por separado. Se evaluaron el número de crías, tamaño, peso y anormalidades morfológicas. De los ocho compuestos químicos evaluados, sólo cinco tuvieron un efecto visible sobre el desarrollo de los insectos: el BPA (bisfenol A) y el cloruro de mercurio (II) indujeron anomalías en los estadios larvarios y pupales, mientras que el fenol, el tolueno y el metronidazol sólo en el estadio pupal. Se observaron anomalías importantes: necrosis en los apéndices de las larvas, en las pupas, papilas para la diferenciación de sexos escleróticas o ausentes y anomalias en la formación de la cabeza, extremidades, alas y apéndices. El cloruro de mercurio (II) fue el más tóxico debido a que afectó el crecimiento, desarrollo y reproducción del insecto.

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