Articles
Environmental assessment for production of modified chitosan microbeads with TiO2 and magnetite using waste reduction algorithm (WAR)
Ángel González-Delgado
Published 2021-05-27
Keywords
- WAR algorithm,
- Nanoparticles,
- Chitosan,
- Environmental Analysis,
- Production
How to Cite
Aguilar Vásquez, E., & González-Delgado, Ángel. (2021). Environmental assessment for production of modified chitosan microbeads with TiO2 and magnetite using waste reduction algorithm (WAR). Revista ION, 34(1), 121–136. https://doi.org/10.18273/revion.v34n1-2021010
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Abstract
Nowadays, bioadsorbents modified with nanoparticles have become relevant as a possible option in the treatment of contaminated water due to its low cost, natural abundance and high efficiency. Industrial scale processes have been
designed to produce modified chitosan microbeads. However, they must be analyzed under sustainability criteria before a possible implementation. In this work, the environmental performance of a process on an industrial scale was evaluated using the WAR algorithm, which serves as a basis for possible economic projects. The process was simulated using Aspen Plus ® software to obtain process information such as mass and energy flows. The evaluation was carried out using the WARGUI software. The Potential Environmental Impact (PEI) of four case studies was quantified using four impact approaches. This analysis yielded negative values in the total PEIs generated and rate values up to 5740 PEI/h were found for the exit PEI rate. In the toxicological categories there were no appreciable values (between -212 and -1.21 PEI/h) for any case due to the low presence of toxic substances in the process. In the atmospheric categories, PEIs are mainly due to the use of fuels. Natural gas had the best environmental performance reporting low values for the generation and output PEI rates (-308, 4970 PEI/h, respectively). Due to the above, it is possible to affirm that the process has an acceptable environmental performance.
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References
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[31] Meramo SI, Bonfante H, De Avila-Montiel G, Herrera-Barros A, Gonzalez-Delgado A. Environmental assessment of a large-scale production of TiO2 nanoparticles via green chemistry. Chem Eng Trans. 2018;70:1063–8.
[32] Bertel F, Cogollo G, Meramo-Hurtado S, González-Delgado A. Computer aided environmental analysis of a large-scale production of chitosan micro-beads modified with thiourea and magnetite. IOP Conf Ser Mater Sci Eng. 2019;519(1).
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[34] Munawer ME. Human health and environmental impacts of coal combustion and post-combustion wastes. J Sustain Min. 2018;17(2):87–96.
[35] Meramo-Hurtado S, Urbina-Suaréz N, González- Delgado Á. Computer-aided environmental and exergy analyses of a large-scale production of chitosan microbeads modified with TiO2 nanoparticles. J Clean Prod. 2019;237.
[2] Wang Q, Yang Z. Industrial water pollution, water environment treatment, and health risks in China. Environ Pollut. 2016;218:358–65.
[3] Bhatnagar A, Sillanpää M. Applications of chitinand chitosan-derivatives for the detoxification of water and wastewater - A short review. Adv Colloid Interface Sci. 2009;152(1–2):26–38.
[4] Inyinbor A, Adebesin B, Oluyori A, Adelani-Akande T, Dada A, Toyin O. Water Pollution: Effects, Prevention, and Climatic Impact. Water Challenges an Urban World; 2018.
[5] Bakshi PS, Selvakumar D, Kadirvelu K, Kumar NS. Chitosan as an environment friendly biomaterial – a review on recent modifications and applications. Int J Biol Macromol. 2020;150:1072–83.
[6] Çifçi Dİ, Meriç S. A review on pumice for water and wastewater treatment. 2015;3994(December).
[7] Cogollo-herrera K, Bonfante-álvarez H, Ávilamontiel G De. Techno-economic Sensitivity Analysis of Large Scale Chitosan Production Process from Shrimp Shell Wastes. 2018;70:2179–84.
[8] Vakili M, Deng S, Cagnetta G, Wang W, Meng P. Separation and Puri fi cation Technology Regeneration of chitosan-based adsorbents used in heavy metal adsorption : A review. Sep Purif Technol. 2019;224(May):373–87.
[9] Lalov IG, Guerginov II, Krysteva MA, Fartsov K. Treatment of waste water from distilleries with chitosan. Water Res. 2000;34(5):1503–6.
[10] Croisier F, Jérôme C. Chitosan-based biomaterials for tissue engineering. Eur Polym J. 2013;49(4):780–92.
[11] Islam MM, Shahruzzaman M, Biswas S, Nurus Sakib M, Rashid TU. Chitosan based bioactive materials in tissue engineering applications-A review. Bioact Mater. 2020;5(1):164–83.
[12] Negm NA, Hefni HHH, Abd-Elaal AAA, Badr EA, Abou Kana MTH. Advancement on modification of chitosan biopolymer and it potential applications. Int J Biol Macromol. 2020;152:681–702.
[13] Wadhawan S, Jain A, Nayyar J, Mehta SK. Role of nanomaterials as adsorbents in heavy metal ion removal from waste water: A review. J Water Process Eng. 2020;33(November 2019):101038.
[14] Kumari P, Alam M, Siddiqi WA. Usage of nanoparticles as adsorbents for waste water treatment: An emerging trend. Sustain Mater Technol. 2019;22:e00128.
[15] Dong Z, Cui H, Wang Y, Wang C, Li Y, Wang C. Biocompatible AIE material from natural resources: Chitosan and its multifunctional applications. Carbohydr Polym. 2020;227(June 2019):115338.
[16] Malek J, Desai TN. A systematic literature review to map literature focus of sustainable manufacturing. J Clean Prod. 2020;256:120345.
[17] Hamed I, Özogul F, Regenstein JM. Industrial applications of crustacean by-products (chitin, chitosan, and chitooligosaccharides): A review. Trends Food Sci Technol. 2016;48:40–50.
[18] Bonfante-Alvarez H, De Avila-Montiel G, Herrera-Barros A, Torrenegra-Alarcón M, González-Delgado ÁD. Evaluation of five chitosan production routes with astaxanthin recovery from shrimp exoskeletons. Chem Eng Trans. 2018;70:1969–74.
[19] Moreno-Sader K, Meramo-Hurtado SI, González-Delgado AD. Environmental sustainability analysis of chitosan microbeads production for pharmaceutical applications via computer-aided simulation, WAR and TRACI assessments. Sustain Chem Pharm.
2020;15(December 2019).
[20] Meramo-hurtado SI, Zuorro A. applied sciences Environmental Assessment of Large Scale Production of Magnetite ( Fe 3 O 4 ) Nanoparticles via Coprecipitation. Appl Sci. 2019;9(1682):10.
[21] Meramo-Hurtado S, Herrera-Barros A, González-Delgado Á. Evaluation of large-scale production of chitosan microbeads modified with nanoparticles based on exergy analysis. Energies. 2019;12(7).
[22] Shadiya OO, Satish V, High KA. Process enhancement through waste minimization and multiobjective optimization. J Clean Prod. 2012;31:137–49.
[23] Ramzan N, Degenkolbe S, Witt W. Evaluating and improving environmental performance of HC’s recovery system: A case study of distillation unit. Chem Eng J. 2008;140(1–3):201–13.
[24] Barrett WM, van Baten J, Martin T. Implementation of the waste reduction (WAR) algorithm utilizing flowsheet monitoring.Comput Chem Eng. 2011;35(12):2680–6.
[25] Young D, Scharp R, Cabezas H. The waste reduction (WAR) algorithm: Environmental impacts, energy consumption, and engineering economics. Waste Manag. 2000;20(8):605–15.
[26] Cabezas H, Bare JC, Mallick SK. Pollution prevention with chemical process simulators: The generalized waste reduction (WAR) algorithm - Full version. Comput Chem Eng. 1999;23(4–5):623–34.
[27] Ordouei MH, Elsholkami M, Elkamel A, Croiset E. New composite sustainability indices for the assessment of a chemical process in the conceptual design stage: Case study on hydrogenation plant. J Clean Prod. 2016;124:132–41.
[28] Moreno-Sader K, Meramo-Hurtado SI, González-Delgado AD. Computer-aided environmental and exergy analysis as decision-making tools for selecting bio-oil feedstocks. Renew Sustain Energy Rev. 2019;112(May):42–57.
[29] Sepiacci P, Depetri V, Manca D. A systematic approach to the optimal design of chemical plants with waste reduction and market uncertainty. Comput Chem Eng. 2017;102:96–109.
[30] Young DM, Cabezas H. Designing sustainable processes with simulation: The waste reduction (WAR) algorithm. Comput Chem Eng. 1999;23(10):1477–91.
[31] Meramo SI, Bonfante H, De Avila-Montiel G, Herrera-Barros A, Gonzalez-Delgado A. Environmental assessment of a large-scale production of TiO2 nanoparticles via green chemistry. Chem Eng Trans. 2018;70:1063–8.
[32] Bertel F, Cogollo G, Meramo-Hurtado S, González-Delgado A. Computer aided environmental analysis of a large-scale production of chitosan micro-beads modified with thiourea and magnetite. IOP Conf Ser Mater Sci Eng. 2019;519(1).
[33] Mokhatab S, Poe WA, Mak JY. Environmental aspects of gas processing and use. In: Handbook of Natural Gas Transmission and Processing. 2006. p. 485–505.
[34] Munawer ME. Human health and environmental impacts of coal combustion and post-combustion wastes. J Sustain Min. 2018;17(2):87–96.
[35] Meramo-Hurtado S, Urbina-Suaréz N, González- Delgado Á. Computer-aided environmental and exergy analyses of a large-scale production of chitosan microbeads modified with TiO2 nanoparticles. J Clean Prod. 2019;237.