Article of scientific and technological research
Production of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids from Microalgal Biomass in Heterotrophic Culture
Published 2017-06-30
Keywords
- PUFA’s,
- microalgal biomass,
- Chlorella sp,
- Scenedesmus sp
How to Cite
Leal Medina, G. I., Abril Bonett, J. E., Martínez Gélvez, S. J., Muñoz Peñaloza, Y. A., Peñaranda Lizarazo, E. M., & Urbina Suárez, N. A. (2017). Production of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids from Microalgal Biomass in Heterotrophic Culture. Revista ION, 30(1). https://doi.org/10.18273/revion.v30n1-2017007
Abstract
In this research, we obtained Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (PUFAs) from Microalgal Biomass in heterotrophic culture. In order to obtain these PUFA’s we used Chlorella sp. and Scenedesmus sp. strains with heterotrophic conditions. Subsequently, we selected the strain with higher productivity and determined the growth kinetics and biomass, glucose, phosphorus and nitrogen yields and the lipids extracted analyzed by gas chromatography. The heterotrophic culture was established in 1L Continuos Stirred-Tank Reactor (CSTR) under specific conditions; 28°C, 1vvm, pH 6,8 and a relation C/N 12:1. Then, we performed sub-cultivation in a “Bioreactor BioFlo115” with 10L volume and made productivity analysis of lipids. Lipids profile allowed us to determine that higher Fatty Acid present in Chlorella sp. is oleic acid (C 18:1) and represented a percentage of 28,75 of total fatty acids. Also we noted the accumulation the other fatty acids like; palmitoleic acid (C 16:1) 19.75%, arachidonic acid (C 20:0) 19.37%, linoleic acid (C 18:2) 11.86%, palmitic acid (C 16:0) 7.24%, linoleic acid (ɤ-C 18:3), 2.61%, erucic acid (C 22:1) 4.61%, stearic acid (C 18:0) 2.4%.Downloads
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References
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[26] Liang Y, Sarkany N, Cui Y. Biomass and lipid productivities of Chlorella vulgaris under autotrophic, heterotrophic and mixotrophic growth conditions. Biotechnol Lett. 2009;31(7):1043-9.
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[30] Rosenberg JN, Oyler GA, Wilkinson L, Betenbaugh MJ. A green light for engineered algae: redirecting metabolism to fuel a biotechnology revolution. Curr. Opin. Biotechnol. 2008;19:430-6.
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[32] Mérida LGR, Zepka LQ, Jacob-Lopes E. Fotobiorreactor: Herramienta para cultivo de cianobacterias. Ciencia y Tecnología.2013;6(2):9-19.
[33] De BK, Chaudhury S, Bhattacharyya DK. Effect of nitrogen sources on γ-linoleic acidaccumulation in Spirulina platensis. Journ. American Oil Chemists’ Soc. 1999;76(1):153-6
[34] Li Q, Du W, Liu D. Perspectives of microbial oils for biodiesel production. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 2008;80(5):749-56.
[35] Hu Q, Sommerfeld M, Jarvis E, Ghirardi M, Posewitz M, Seibert M, et. al. Microalgal triacylglycerols as feedstock for biofuel production: perspectives and advances. Plant J. 2008;54(4):621-39.
[36] Montero Y, Gallo A, Gómez L, Álvarez I, Sabina L, Támbara Y, et. al. Productividad de lípidos y composición de ácidos grasos de cinco especies de microalgas. Investigación y Saberes. 2012;1(2):37-43.
[37] Greque de Morais M, Vieira J. Fatty acids profile of microalgae cultived with carbon dioxide. Ciênc. agrotec. 2008;32(4):1245-51.
[38] Willis WM, Lencki RE, Marangoni AG. Lipid modification strategies in the production of nutritionally functional fats and oils. Crit. Rev. Food Sci.1998;38(8):639-74.
[39] Castro M. Ácidos grasos omega 3: beneficios y fuentes. Interciencia.2002;27(3):128-36.
[40] Radmann M, Viera J. Conteúdo lipídico e composição de ácidos graxos de microalgas expostas aos gases CO2, SO2 e NO. Quim. Nova. 2008;31(7):1609-12.
[41] Muradyan EA, Klyachko-Gurvich GL, Tsoglin L, Sergeyenko T, Pronina NA. Changes in Lipid Metabolism during Adaptation of the Dunaliella salina Photosynthetic Apparatus to High CO2Concentration Russ. J. Plant Physiol. 2004; 51:53-62.
[2] Robles A, Molina E, Giménez A, Ibañes MJ. Downstream processing of algal polyunsaturated fatty acids. Biotechnol Adv. 1998;16(3):517-80.
[3] Wen ZY, Chen F. Heterotrophic production of eicosapentaenoid acid by the diatom Nitzschia laevis: effects of silicate and glucose. J Ind Microbiol Biotech. 2000;25:218.
[4] Sforza E, Bertucco A, Morosinotto T, Giacometti GM. Vegetal oil from microalgae: species selection and optimization of growth parameters. Chem. Eng. Trans. 2010;20:199-204.
[5] Ratledge C, Gunstone FD. Microorganisms as source of polyunsaturated fatty acids in: structured and modified lipids. Ed. New York: Marcel Dekker. 2001.
[6] Cobos Ruiz M, Paredes Rodríguez JD, Castro Gómez JC. Inducción de la producción de lípidos totales en microalgas sometidas a estrés nutritivo. Acta biol. Colomb. 2016; 21(1):17-26.
[7] Perez García O, Escalante F, De Bashan L, Bashan Y. Heterotrophic cultures of microalgae: metabolism and potential products. Water research. 2011;(45):11-36.
[8] Jaimes D, Soler W, Velasco J, Muñoz Y, Urbina N. Bioprospecting chlorophytas microalgae with potential for the production of lipids for biofuels. CT&F. 2012;5(1):93-102.
[9] Perales Vela H, González S, Montes MC, Cañizares RO. Growth photosynthetic and respiratory responses to sub-lethal copper concentrations in Scenedesmus incrasatulus(Clorophyceae). Chemosphere. 2007; 67:2274-81.
[10] Urbina Suarez N. Cultivo mixotrófico de Scenedesmus incrassatulus para la producción de carotenoides en un fotobiorreactor multitubular (tesis de maestría). Distrito Federal, México: Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional - CINVESTAV; 2010.
[11] APHA, AWWA, WPCF. Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. 18a. Edition. E.U.A. 1992
[12] Sánchez Y, Gallo A, Gómez L, Álvarez I, Sabina L, Támbara Y, et. al. Productividad de lípidos y composición de ácidos grasos de cinco especies de microalgas. Investigación y Saberes. 2012;1(2):37-43.
[13] Azma M, Mohamed M, Mohamad R, Rahim R, Ariff A. Improvement of medium composition for heterotrophic cultivation of green microalgae, Tetraselmissuecica, using response surface methodology. Biochem Eng J. 2011;53(2):187-95.
[14] Liu J, Huang J, Sun Z, Zhong Y, Jiang Y, Chen F. Differential lipid and fatty acid profiles of photoautotrophic and heterotrophic Chlorella zofingiensis: Assessment of algal oils for biodiesel production. Bioresour Technol. 2011; 102(1):106-10.
[15] Xiong W, Li X, Xiang J, Wu Q. High-density fermentation of microalga Chlorella protothecoides in bioreactor for microbio-diesel production. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2008; 78(1):29-36.
[16] Shen Y, Yuan W, Mao E. Heterotrophic Culture of Chlorella protothecoides in Various Nitrogen Sources for Lipid Production, Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol. 2010;160(6):1674-84.
[17] Arias M, Martínez A, Cañizares R. Producción de biodiesel a partir de microalgas: parámetros del cultivo que afectan la producción de lípidos. Acta Biol. Colomb. 2013;18 (1):43–68.
[18] Miao X, Wu Q. High yield bio-oil production from fast pyrolysis by metabolic controlling of Chlorella protothecoides. J Biotechnol. 2004; 110(1):85-93.
[19] Miao X, Wu Q. Biodiesel production from heterotrophic microalgal oil. Bioresour Technol. 2006;97(6):841-6.
[20] Xu H, Miao X, Wu Q. High quality biodiesel production from a microalga Chlorella protothecoides by heterotrophic growth in fermenters. J Biotechnol. 2006;126(4):499-507.
[21] Zheng Y, Chi Z, Lucker B, Chen S. Two-stage heterotrophic and phototrophic culture strategy for algal biomass and lipid production. Bioresour Technol. 2012;103(1):484-8.
[22] Jaimes D, Soler W. Producción de lípidos a partir de microalgas nativas de la división Chlorophyta de Norte de Santander utilizando aguas residuales (tesis de pregrado). Cúcuta, Colombia: Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander; 2013.
[23] Bouaraba L, Dautab A, Loudikia M. Heterotrophic and mixotrophic growth of Micractinium pusillum Fresenius in the presence of acetate and glucose: effect of light and acetate gradient concentration. Wat Res. 2004;38:2706–12.
[24] Servin-Reyssac J, De la Nouë J, Proulx D. Le recyclage du lisier de porc par lagunage. Edit. Lavoisier editor, Technique y documentation. 1995.
[25] Cheirsilp B, Torpee S. Enhanced growth and lipid production of microalgae under mixotrophic culture condition: Effect of light intensity, glucose concentration and fed-batch cultivation. Bioresour Technol. 2012;110:510-6.
[26] Liang Y, Sarkany N, Cui Y. Biomass and lipid productivities of Chlorella vulgaris under autotrophic, heterotrophic and mixotrophic growth conditions. Biotechnol Lett. 2009;31(7):1043-9.
[27] Fernández D, Chica C, Parra M. Obtención de ácidos grasos a partir de biomasa microalgal cultivada bajo diferentes condiciones de iluminación. Rev. Elementos. 2013;(3):111-9.
[28] García JL, Molina E, García F, Sánchez JA, Giménez A. Cuantificación de ácidos grasos a partir de biomasa microalgal. Grasas y Aceites. 1993;44(6):348-53.
[29] Chisti Y. Biodiesel form Microalgae. Biotech Adv. 2007;25:294-306.
[30] Rosenberg JN, Oyler GA, Wilkinson L, Betenbaugh MJ. A green light for engineered algae: redirecting metabolism to fuel a biotechnology revolution. Curr. Opin. Biotechnol. 2008;19:430-6.
[31] Jacob-Lopes E, Gimenes C, Ferreira L, Teixeira T. Effect of light cycles (night/day) on CO2fixation and biomass production by microalgae in photobioreactors. Chem. Eng. and Proc. 2009;48:306–10.
[32] Mérida LGR, Zepka LQ, Jacob-Lopes E. Fotobiorreactor: Herramienta para cultivo de cianobacterias. Ciencia y Tecnología.2013;6(2):9-19.
[33] De BK, Chaudhury S, Bhattacharyya DK. Effect of nitrogen sources on γ-linoleic acidaccumulation in Spirulina platensis. Journ. American Oil Chemists’ Soc. 1999;76(1):153-6
[34] Li Q, Du W, Liu D. Perspectives of microbial oils for biodiesel production. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 2008;80(5):749-56.
[35] Hu Q, Sommerfeld M, Jarvis E, Ghirardi M, Posewitz M, Seibert M, et. al. Microalgal triacylglycerols as feedstock for biofuel production: perspectives and advances. Plant J. 2008;54(4):621-39.
[36] Montero Y, Gallo A, Gómez L, Álvarez I, Sabina L, Támbara Y, et. al. Productividad de lípidos y composición de ácidos grasos de cinco especies de microalgas. Investigación y Saberes. 2012;1(2):37-43.
[37] Greque de Morais M, Vieira J. Fatty acids profile of microalgae cultived with carbon dioxide. Ciênc. agrotec. 2008;32(4):1245-51.
[38] Willis WM, Lencki RE, Marangoni AG. Lipid modification strategies in the production of nutritionally functional fats and oils. Crit. Rev. Food Sci.1998;38(8):639-74.
[39] Castro M. Ácidos grasos omega 3: beneficios y fuentes. Interciencia.2002;27(3):128-36.
[40] Radmann M, Viera J. Conteúdo lipídico e composição de ácidos graxos de microalgas expostas aos gases CO2, SO2 e NO. Quim. Nova. 2008;31(7):1609-12.
[41] Muradyan EA, Klyachko-Gurvich GL, Tsoglin L, Sergeyenko T, Pronina NA. Changes in Lipid Metabolism during Adaptation of the Dunaliella salina Photosynthetic Apparatus to High CO2Concentration Russ. J. Plant Physiol. 2004; 51:53-62.