Artigo de investigação científica e/ou tecnológica
Produção de Ácidos Gordos Poli-Insaturados a partir de Biomassa de Microalgas na Cultura Heterotróficos
Publicado 2017-06-30
Palavras-chave
- Scenedesmus sp.,
- ácidos graxos poliinsaturados (PUFAs),
- biomassa de microalgas,
- Chlorella sp
Como Citar
Leal Medina, G. I., Abril Bonett, J. E., Martínez Gélvez, S. J., Muñoz Peñaloza, Y. A., Peñaranda Lizarazo, E. M., & Urbina Suárez, N. A. (2017). Produção de Ácidos Gordos Poli-Insaturados a partir de Biomassa de Microalgas na Cultura Heterotróficos. REVISTA ION, 30(1). https://doi.org/10.18273/revion.v30n1-2017007
Resumo
O trabalho aqui apresentado voltada para a produção de ácidos graxos poliinsaturados ou PUFAs (por sua sigla em ácidos graxos poliinsaturados Inglês) a partir da biomassa de microalgas em uma cultura heterotróficos. Para isso, foram utilizados algas Chlorella sp. e Scenedesmus sp., em condições heterotróficas, em seguida, a tensão com o aumento da produtividade foi seleccionado, as cinéticas foram realizadas tanto com as algas para quantificar a concentração de biomassa, da glicose, de azoto e de fósforo; lípidos foram extraídos e analisados por cromatografia em fase gasosa. A cultura foi criada heterotrófica em um reactor de tanque agitado de fluxo contínuo (CSTR) de 1L, com as seguintes condições; 28°C, 1vvm, pH 6,8 e C/N rácio de 12:1. Em seguida, a cultura foi realizada num “Biorreactor BioFlo115” com um volume de 10L e produtividade de lípidos obtidos foi determinada. O perfil lipídico estabelecido que o ácido graxo obtido em maiores quantidades em CHL2 é ácido oleico (C 18:1), com uma percentagem igual a 28,75 do total de ácidos graxos, também destaca a acumulação de ácidos graxos palmitoléico (C 16:1), com 19,75%, ácido araquídico (C 20:0), com 19,37%, ácido linoleico (C 18:2) 11,86%, ácido palmítico (C 16:0) 7, 24%, ácido linolénico (ɤ-C 18:3) com 2,61% de ácido erúcico (C 22:1) com 4,61% de ácido esteárico e (C 18:0) 2,4%.Downloads
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Referências
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[3] Wen ZY, Chen F. Heterotrophic production of eicosapentaenoid acid by the diatom Nitzschia laevis: effects of silicate and glucose. J Ind Microbiol Biotech. 2000;25:218.
[4] Sforza E, Bertucco A, Morosinotto T, Giacometti GM. Vegetal oil from microalgae: species selection and optimization of growth parameters. Chem. Eng. Trans. 2010;20:199-204.
[5] Ratledge C, Gunstone FD. Microorganisms as source of polyunsaturated fatty acids in: structured and modified lipids. Ed. New York: Marcel Dekker. 2001.
[6] Cobos Ruiz M, Paredes Rodríguez JD, Castro Gómez JC. Inducción de la producción de lípidos totales en microalgas sometidas a estrés nutritivo. Acta biol. Colomb. 2016; 21(1):17-26.
[7] Perez García O, Escalante F, De Bashan L, Bashan Y. Heterotrophic cultures of microalgae: metabolism and potential products. Water research. 2011;(45):11-36.
[8] Jaimes D, Soler W, Velasco J, Muñoz Y, Urbina N. Bioprospecting chlorophytas microalgae with potential for the production of lipids for biofuels. CT&F. 2012;5(1):93-102.
[9] Perales Vela H, González S, Montes MC, Cañizares RO. Growth photosynthetic and respiratory responses to sub-lethal copper concentrations in Scenedesmus incrasatulus(Clorophyceae). Chemosphere. 2007; 67:2274-81.
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[13] Azma M, Mohamed M, Mohamad R, Rahim R, Ariff A. Improvement of medium composition for heterotrophic cultivation of green microalgae, Tetraselmissuecica, using response surface methodology. Biochem Eng J. 2011;53(2):187-95.
[14] Liu J, Huang J, Sun Z, Zhong Y, Jiang Y, Chen F. Differential lipid and fatty acid profiles of photoautotrophic and heterotrophic Chlorella zofingiensis: Assessment of algal oils for biodiesel production. Bioresour Technol. 2011; 102(1):106-10.
[15] Xiong W, Li X, Xiang J, Wu Q. High-density fermentation of microalga Chlorella protothecoides in bioreactor for microbio-diesel production. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2008; 78(1):29-36.
[16] Shen Y, Yuan W, Mao E. Heterotrophic Culture of Chlorella protothecoides in Various Nitrogen Sources for Lipid Production, Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol. 2010;160(6):1674-84.
[17] Arias M, Martínez A, Cañizares R. Producción de biodiesel a partir de microalgas: parámetros del cultivo que afectan la producción de lípidos. Acta Biol. Colomb. 2013;18 (1):43–68.
[18] Miao X, Wu Q. High yield bio-oil production from fast pyrolysis by metabolic controlling of Chlorella protothecoides. J Biotechnol. 2004; 110(1):85-93.
[19] Miao X, Wu Q. Biodiesel production from heterotrophic microalgal oil. Bioresour Technol. 2006;97(6):841-6.
[20] Xu H, Miao X, Wu Q. High quality biodiesel production from a microalga Chlorella protothecoides by heterotrophic growth in fermenters. J Biotechnol. 2006;126(4):499-507.
[21] Zheng Y, Chi Z, Lucker B, Chen S. Two-stage heterotrophic and phototrophic culture strategy for algal biomass and lipid production. Bioresour Technol. 2012;103(1):484-8.
[22] Jaimes D, Soler W. Producción de lípidos a partir de microalgas nativas de la división Chlorophyta de Norte de Santander utilizando aguas residuales (tesis de pregrado). Cúcuta, Colombia: Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander; 2013.
[23] Bouaraba L, Dautab A, Loudikia M. Heterotrophic and mixotrophic growth of Micractinium pusillum Fresenius in the presence of acetate and glucose: effect of light and acetate gradient concentration. Wat Res. 2004;38:2706–12.
[24] Servin-Reyssac J, De la Nouë J, Proulx D. Le recyclage du lisier de porc par lagunage. Edit. Lavoisier editor, Technique y documentation. 1995.
[25] Cheirsilp B, Torpee S. Enhanced growth and lipid production of microalgae under mixotrophic culture condition: Effect of light intensity, glucose concentration and fed-batch cultivation. Bioresour Technol. 2012;110:510-6.
[26] Liang Y, Sarkany N, Cui Y. Biomass and lipid productivities of Chlorella vulgaris under autotrophic, heterotrophic and mixotrophic growth conditions. Biotechnol Lett. 2009;31(7):1043-9.
[27] Fernández D, Chica C, Parra M. Obtención de ácidos grasos a partir de biomasa microalgal cultivada bajo diferentes condiciones de iluminación. Rev. Elementos. 2013;(3):111-9.
[28] García JL, Molina E, García F, Sánchez JA, Giménez A. Cuantificación de ácidos grasos a partir de biomasa microalgal. Grasas y Aceites. 1993;44(6):348-53.
[29] Chisti Y. Biodiesel form Microalgae. Biotech Adv. 2007;25:294-306.
[30] Rosenberg JN, Oyler GA, Wilkinson L, Betenbaugh MJ. A green light for engineered algae: redirecting metabolism to fuel a biotechnology revolution. Curr. Opin. Biotechnol. 2008;19:430-6.
[31] Jacob-Lopes E, Gimenes C, Ferreira L, Teixeira T. Effect of light cycles (night/day) on CO2fixation and biomass production by microalgae in photobioreactors. Chem. Eng. and Proc. 2009;48:306–10.
[32] Mérida LGR, Zepka LQ, Jacob-Lopes E. Fotobiorreactor: Herramienta para cultivo de cianobacterias. Ciencia y Tecnología.2013;6(2):9-19.
[33] De BK, Chaudhury S, Bhattacharyya DK. Effect of nitrogen sources on γ-linoleic acidaccumulation in Spirulina platensis. Journ. American Oil Chemists’ Soc. 1999;76(1):153-6
[34] Li Q, Du W, Liu D. Perspectives of microbial oils for biodiesel production. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 2008;80(5):749-56.
[35] Hu Q, Sommerfeld M, Jarvis E, Ghirardi M, Posewitz M, Seibert M, et. al. Microalgal triacylglycerols as feedstock for biofuel production: perspectives and advances. Plant J. 2008;54(4):621-39.
[36] Montero Y, Gallo A, Gómez L, Álvarez I, Sabina L, Támbara Y, et. al. Productividad de lípidos y composición de ácidos grasos de cinco especies de microalgas. Investigación y Saberes. 2012;1(2):37-43.
[37] Greque de Morais M, Vieira J. Fatty acids profile of microalgae cultived with carbon dioxide. Ciênc. agrotec. 2008;32(4):1245-51.
[38] Willis WM, Lencki RE, Marangoni AG. Lipid modification strategies in the production of nutritionally functional fats and oils. Crit. Rev. Food Sci.1998;38(8):639-74.
[39] Castro M. Ácidos grasos omega 3: beneficios y fuentes. Interciencia.2002;27(3):128-36.
[40] Radmann M, Viera J. Conteúdo lipídico e composição de ácidos graxos de microalgas expostas aos gases CO2, SO2 e NO. Quim. Nova. 2008;31(7):1609-12.
[41] Muradyan EA, Klyachko-Gurvich GL, Tsoglin L, Sergeyenko T, Pronina NA. Changes in Lipid Metabolism during Adaptation of the Dunaliella salina Photosynthetic Apparatus to High CO2Concentration Russ. J. Plant Physiol. 2004; 51:53-62.
[2] Robles A, Molina E, Giménez A, Ibañes MJ. Downstream processing of algal polyunsaturated fatty acids. Biotechnol Adv. 1998;16(3):517-80.
[3] Wen ZY, Chen F. Heterotrophic production of eicosapentaenoid acid by the diatom Nitzschia laevis: effects of silicate and glucose. J Ind Microbiol Biotech. 2000;25:218.
[4] Sforza E, Bertucco A, Morosinotto T, Giacometti GM. Vegetal oil from microalgae: species selection and optimization of growth parameters. Chem. Eng. Trans. 2010;20:199-204.
[5] Ratledge C, Gunstone FD. Microorganisms as source of polyunsaturated fatty acids in: structured and modified lipids. Ed. New York: Marcel Dekker. 2001.
[6] Cobos Ruiz M, Paredes Rodríguez JD, Castro Gómez JC. Inducción de la producción de lípidos totales en microalgas sometidas a estrés nutritivo. Acta biol. Colomb. 2016; 21(1):17-26.
[7] Perez García O, Escalante F, De Bashan L, Bashan Y. Heterotrophic cultures of microalgae: metabolism and potential products. Water research. 2011;(45):11-36.
[8] Jaimes D, Soler W, Velasco J, Muñoz Y, Urbina N. Bioprospecting chlorophytas microalgae with potential for the production of lipids for biofuels. CT&F. 2012;5(1):93-102.
[9] Perales Vela H, González S, Montes MC, Cañizares RO. Growth photosynthetic and respiratory responses to sub-lethal copper concentrations in Scenedesmus incrasatulus(Clorophyceae). Chemosphere. 2007; 67:2274-81.
[10] Urbina Suarez N. Cultivo mixotrófico de Scenedesmus incrassatulus para la producción de carotenoides en un fotobiorreactor multitubular (tesis de maestría). Distrito Federal, México: Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional - CINVESTAV; 2010.
[11] APHA, AWWA, WPCF. Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. 18a. Edition. E.U.A. 1992
[12] Sánchez Y, Gallo A, Gómez L, Álvarez I, Sabina L, Támbara Y, et. al. Productividad de lípidos y composición de ácidos grasos de cinco especies de microalgas. Investigación y Saberes. 2012;1(2):37-43.
[13] Azma M, Mohamed M, Mohamad R, Rahim R, Ariff A. Improvement of medium composition for heterotrophic cultivation of green microalgae, Tetraselmissuecica, using response surface methodology. Biochem Eng J. 2011;53(2):187-95.
[14] Liu J, Huang J, Sun Z, Zhong Y, Jiang Y, Chen F. Differential lipid and fatty acid profiles of photoautotrophic and heterotrophic Chlorella zofingiensis: Assessment of algal oils for biodiesel production. Bioresour Technol. 2011; 102(1):106-10.
[15] Xiong W, Li X, Xiang J, Wu Q. High-density fermentation of microalga Chlorella protothecoides in bioreactor for microbio-diesel production. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2008; 78(1):29-36.
[16] Shen Y, Yuan W, Mao E. Heterotrophic Culture of Chlorella protothecoides in Various Nitrogen Sources for Lipid Production, Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol. 2010;160(6):1674-84.
[17] Arias M, Martínez A, Cañizares R. Producción de biodiesel a partir de microalgas: parámetros del cultivo que afectan la producción de lípidos. Acta Biol. Colomb. 2013;18 (1):43–68.
[18] Miao X, Wu Q. High yield bio-oil production from fast pyrolysis by metabolic controlling of Chlorella protothecoides. J Biotechnol. 2004; 110(1):85-93.
[19] Miao X, Wu Q. Biodiesel production from heterotrophic microalgal oil. Bioresour Technol. 2006;97(6):841-6.
[20] Xu H, Miao X, Wu Q. High quality biodiesel production from a microalga Chlorella protothecoides by heterotrophic growth in fermenters. J Biotechnol. 2006;126(4):499-507.
[21] Zheng Y, Chi Z, Lucker B, Chen S. Two-stage heterotrophic and phototrophic culture strategy for algal biomass and lipid production. Bioresour Technol. 2012;103(1):484-8.
[22] Jaimes D, Soler W. Producción de lípidos a partir de microalgas nativas de la división Chlorophyta de Norte de Santander utilizando aguas residuales (tesis de pregrado). Cúcuta, Colombia: Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander; 2013.
[23] Bouaraba L, Dautab A, Loudikia M. Heterotrophic and mixotrophic growth of Micractinium pusillum Fresenius in the presence of acetate and glucose: effect of light and acetate gradient concentration. Wat Res. 2004;38:2706–12.
[24] Servin-Reyssac J, De la Nouë J, Proulx D. Le recyclage du lisier de porc par lagunage. Edit. Lavoisier editor, Technique y documentation. 1995.
[25] Cheirsilp B, Torpee S. Enhanced growth and lipid production of microalgae under mixotrophic culture condition: Effect of light intensity, glucose concentration and fed-batch cultivation. Bioresour Technol. 2012;110:510-6.
[26] Liang Y, Sarkany N, Cui Y. Biomass and lipid productivities of Chlorella vulgaris under autotrophic, heterotrophic and mixotrophic growth conditions. Biotechnol Lett. 2009;31(7):1043-9.
[27] Fernández D, Chica C, Parra M. Obtención de ácidos grasos a partir de biomasa microalgal cultivada bajo diferentes condiciones de iluminación. Rev. Elementos. 2013;(3):111-9.
[28] García JL, Molina E, García F, Sánchez JA, Giménez A. Cuantificación de ácidos grasos a partir de biomasa microalgal. Grasas y Aceites. 1993;44(6):348-53.
[29] Chisti Y. Biodiesel form Microalgae. Biotech Adv. 2007;25:294-306.
[30] Rosenberg JN, Oyler GA, Wilkinson L, Betenbaugh MJ. A green light for engineered algae: redirecting metabolism to fuel a biotechnology revolution. Curr. Opin. Biotechnol. 2008;19:430-6.
[31] Jacob-Lopes E, Gimenes C, Ferreira L, Teixeira T. Effect of light cycles (night/day) on CO2fixation and biomass production by microalgae in photobioreactors. Chem. Eng. and Proc. 2009;48:306–10.
[32] Mérida LGR, Zepka LQ, Jacob-Lopes E. Fotobiorreactor: Herramienta para cultivo de cianobacterias. Ciencia y Tecnología.2013;6(2):9-19.
[33] De BK, Chaudhury S, Bhattacharyya DK. Effect of nitrogen sources on γ-linoleic acidaccumulation in Spirulina platensis. Journ. American Oil Chemists’ Soc. 1999;76(1):153-6
[34] Li Q, Du W, Liu D. Perspectives of microbial oils for biodiesel production. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 2008;80(5):749-56.
[35] Hu Q, Sommerfeld M, Jarvis E, Ghirardi M, Posewitz M, Seibert M, et. al. Microalgal triacylglycerols as feedstock for biofuel production: perspectives and advances. Plant J. 2008;54(4):621-39.
[36] Montero Y, Gallo A, Gómez L, Álvarez I, Sabina L, Támbara Y, et. al. Productividad de lípidos y composición de ácidos grasos de cinco especies de microalgas. Investigación y Saberes. 2012;1(2):37-43.
[37] Greque de Morais M, Vieira J. Fatty acids profile of microalgae cultived with carbon dioxide. Ciênc. agrotec. 2008;32(4):1245-51.
[38] Willis WM, Lencki RE, Marangoni AG. Lipid modification strategies in the production of nutritionally functional fats and oils. Crit. Rev. Food Sci.1998;38(8):639-74.
[39] Castro M. Ácidos grasos omega 3: beneficios y fuentes. Interciencia.2002;27(3):128-36.
[40] Radmann M, Viera J. Conteúdo lipídico e composição de ácidos graxos de microalgas expostas aos gases CO2, SO2 e NO. Quim. Nova. 2008;31(7):1609-12.
[41] Muradyan EA, Klyachko-Gurvich GL, Tsoglin L, Sergeyenko T, Pronina NA. Changes in Lipid Metabolism during Adaptation of the Dunaliella salina Photosynthetic Apparatus to High CO2Concentration Russ. J. Plant Physiol. 2004; 51:53-62.