Vol. 35 Núm. 2 (2022): Revista ION
Artículos

Gasificación Catalítica y Autotérmica de Residuos Biomásicos a Escala Banco: Construcción y Optimización.

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  • Lina Garcia Peña,
  • Misael Cordoba Arroyo,
  • Liza Dosso,
  • Carlos Roman Vera,
  • Juan Carlos Casas Zapata,
  • Alfonso Enrique Ramírez Sanabria,
  • Mariana Busto,
  • Juan Badano
Misael Cordoba Arroyo
Instituto de Investigaciones en catálisis y petroquímica
Liza Dosso
Instituto de Investigaciones en Catálisis y Petroquímica (INCAPE)
Carlos Roman Vera
Instituto de Investigaciones en Catálisis y Petroquímica (INCAPE)
Juan Carlos Casas Zapata
Instituto de Investigaciones en Catálisis y Petroquímica (INCAPE)
Alfonso Enrique Ramírez Sanabria
Grupo de Catálisis, Departamento De Química, Universidad Del Cauca
Mariana Busto
Instituto de Investigaciones en Catálisis y Petroquímica (INCAPE)
Juan Badano
Instituto de Investigaciones en Catálisis y Petroquímica (INCAPE)
DOI: https://doi.org/10.18273/revion.v35n2-2022007

Publicado 2022-12-05

Palabras clave

  • Gasificacion,
  • Catálisis,
  • Alquitrán,
  • Biomasa,
  • Gas de síntesis

Cómo citar

Garcia Peña, L., Cordoba Arroyo, M., Dosso, L., Vera, C. R., Casas Zapata, J. C., Ramírez Sanabria, A. E. ., Busto, M., & Badano, J. (2022). Gasificación Catalítica y Autotérmica de Residuos Biomásicos a Escala Banco: Construcción y Optimización . Revista ION, 35(2), 83–99. https://doi.org/10.18273/revion.v35n2-2022007

Derechos de autor 2022 Lina Garcia Peña, Misael Cordoba Arroyo, Liza Dosso, Carlos Roman Vera, Juan Carlos Casas Zapata, Alfonso Enrique Ramírez Sanabria, Mariana Busto, Juan Badano

Creative Commons License

Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.

Resumen

En este trabajo se construyó y optimizó un sistema de gasificación a escala banco de residuos biomásicos (aserrín de pino). El sistema consta de una unidad de alimentación (tolva y tornillo), un reactor autotérmico de lecho fluidizado y acondicionamiento de gases (ciclón y enfriamiento). En el reactor se evaluaron 2 catalizadores de bajo costo: un mineral natural (dolomita) y residuo de pirólisis comparados con un sólido inerte (arena). Los catalizadores y la biomasa fueron caracterizados por diferentes técnicas: ICP, BET, TGA, CHONS, entre otras. En la optimización del proceso se estudiaron diferentes parámetros: tamaño de partícula de biomasa, flujo másico de alimentación, agentes gasificante y perfiles de temperatura. Los ensayos mostraron un óptimo funcionamiento con un tamaño de biomasa en el rango de 0.50-0.85 mm, un flujo másico de alimentación de 0.840 kg/h y una relación de equivalencia entre mezcla de agentes gasificantes (aire y/o vapor de agua) y alimentación de 0.35-0.45 con temperaturas de equilibrio de 650 y 750ºC, respectivamente. Los catalizadores evaluados tuvieron una reducción de alquitrán entre 10-45% comparado con el inerte y valores superiores en la relación H2:CO y LHV. Los resultados mostraron que el sistema de gasificación autotérmico a escala banco construido, permite la transformación de la biomasa utilizando catalizadores de bajo/nulo costo, lo que lo hace atractivo desde el punto de vista ambiental y económico.

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