Paleoambientes en la parte central del Cinturón Plegado de San Jacinto (Caribe colombiano) durante el Eoceno tardío y el Mioceno temprano: inferencias a partir de foraminíferos bentónicos
Publicado 2024-11-28
Palabras clave
- Morfogrupos,
- Lisoclina,
- Profundidad de compensación de la calcita,
- Formación San Jacinto,
- Formación El Carmen
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Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.
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Resumen
Se estudió la distribución de los foraminíferos bentónicos del intervalo Eoceno superior-Mioceno inferior de una sucesión sedimentaria marina registrada por el pozo ANH-SAN JACINTO-1, en la parte central del Cinturón Plegado de San Jacinto (Caribe colombiano). El estudio incluyó la estimación de la diversidad, la relación entre foraminíferos bentónicos calcáreos y aglutinados, la proporción de foraminíferos planctónicos y bentónicos (P/B), la distribución de los indicadores de oxígeno disuelto y el análisis de morfogrupos, con el objetivo de comprender la evolución paleoambiental en dicha sucesión. En el Eoceno superior, el cambio litológico entre areniscas calcáreas y calizas a lodolitas negras parece indicar el contacto discordante entre las formaciones San Jacinto y El Carmen. En la Formación San Jacinto, predominan los foraminíferos bentónicos calcáreos, y la baja relación P/B sugiere paleoambientes de plataforma con un flujo constante de nutrientes y fondos subóxicos con influencia de corrientes turbidíticas. En contraste, a la base de la Formación El Carmen, la relación P/B aumenta, reflejando condiciones más profundas, propias del talud. La predominancia de foraminíferos aglutinados sugiere aguas de fondo corrosivas, posiblemente por debajo de la lisoclina y la profundidad de compensación de la calcita (PCC). Este escenario coincide con el enfriamiento global del Eoceno tardío, en donde la PCC fue más somera. Al inicio del Oligoceno, se observa el resurgimiento de foraminíferos de pared calcárea, que coincide con la profundización global de lisoclina y/o la PCC, lo que permitió su preservación. Durante este intervalo las asociaciones sugieren aguas de fondo mesotróficas pobres en oxígeno. Durante el Oligoceno tardío y el Mioceno temprano, los foraminíferos bentónicos sugieren un aumento en la disponibilidad de nutrientes, lo cual indica una evolución hacia condiciones eutróficas en los ambientes de fondo.
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