Vol. 44 Núm. 1 (2022): Boletín de Geología
Artículos científicos

Comprensión de la sensibilidad a las propiedades del suelo y condiciones de lluvia de dos modelos de estabilidad de taludes basados en la física

Roberto J. Marin
Landslide Scientific Assessment
Biografía
Álvaro J. Mattos
Landslide Scientific Assessment
Biografía
Camilo J. Fernández-Escobar
Universidad de Antioquia

Publicado 2022-01-25

Palabras clave

  • Deslizamientos superficiales,
  • SLIP,
  • Iverson,
  • Intensidad,
  • Duración,
  • FOSM
  • ...Más
    Menos

Cómo citar

Marin, R. J., Mattos, Álvaro J., & Fernández-Escobar, C. J. (2022). Comprensión de la sensibilidad a las propiedades del suelo y condiciones de lluvia de dos modelos de estabilidad de taludes basados en la física. Boletín De Geología, 44(1), 93–109. https://doi.org/10.18273/revbol.v44n1-2022004

Altmetrics

Resumen

Se han implementado modelos basados en la física para evaluar la susceptibilidad, la amenaza y el riesgo de movimientos en masa en muchas regiones del mundo. También se han considerado herramientas valiosas para la predicción de movimientos en masa y el desarrollo o mejora de sistemas de alerta temprana. Por lo general, se validan para demostrar su capacidad predictiva, pero pocas veces se estudian en profundidad para comprender la sensibilidad de las variables de entrada y el comportamiento de los modelos en diversos escenarios de lluvias. En este artículo de investigación se utilizaron dos modelos distribuidos de base física para deslizamientos superficiales: Iverson y SLIP. Para ello, se utiliza el método de first-order second moment (FOSM) para calcular la contribución de las variables de entrada aleatorias (resistencia del suelo, peso unitario y parámetros de permeabilidad) a la varianza del factor de seguridad. Se simularon eventos de lluvia de diferente intensidad y duración para evaluar la respuesta de los modelos a esas condiciones de lluvia en términos del factor de seguridad y probabilidad de falla. Los resultados mostraron que los parámetros de resistencia al corte (cohesión y ángulo de fricción, en orden de importancia) tienen la mayor contribución a la varianza en ambos modelos, pero varían según las condiciones geológicas, geotécnicas y topográficas. Los modelos Iverson y SLIP responden de diferentes maneras a la variación de las condiciones de lluvia: para duraciones más cortas (por ejemplo, ≤ 8 h), el aumento de la intensidad provocó más áreas inestables en el modelo SLIP; mientras que, para duraciones más largas, las áreas inestables fueron considerablemente mayores para el modelo de Iverson. Comprender esos comportamientos puede ser útil para una implementación práctica y adecuada de los modelos en proyectos de evaluación de deslizamientos de tierra.

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