Estimation of mud losses through fractures through mathematical modeling and its validation using a physical model

Abstract

Fluid loss can occur through fractured formations or in permeable zones, especially when low pressures are present. This event increases non-productive times in drilling operations, which increases costs. This generates the need to understand the interaction between the drilling fluid and the fractures present in the formation. For that purpose, a methodology is proposed that has two approaches, a numerical one based on rheological models and balance of the equation of movement, and a physical one based on the theory of scaling. For the numerical model, the equations that allow calculating the velocity profile as a function of the fluid properties and fracture geometry are proposed. For the physical model real rock samples are taken, the fracture is built with a controlled width and geometry, through which a mud is circulated, whose properties were scaled and determined in the laboratory. The results of the physical and numerical model were compared for different rheologies and fracture widths, concluding that the mathematical model does represent the loss phenomenon, especially for low viscosities. The results of the physical and numerical model were compared for different rheologies and fracture widths, concluding that the mathematical model does represent the loss phenomenon, especially for low viscosities. For high viscosities it is necessary to correct for roughness, but still, the result shows a similar trend, confirming that it reproduces the phenomenon.