Los Santos Formation in the Platanalito section: A fluvial and transgressive river-mouth estuary deposit of the Eastern Cordillera of Colombia
Published 2024-11-28
Keywords
- Kinneyia,
- Transgression,
- Facies association,
- Compound dune,
- Base level
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Abstract
This study provides a new perspective in relation to the Los Santos Formation in the Mesas area, Eastern Cordillera of Colombia. The deposition at the base of the Los Santos Formation, referred to as Segment A, forms a coarsening-upward succession consisting of smaller entities of fining-upward type. This suggests a fluvial bay-head delta below the overlying Segment B, which is characterized by predominantly muddy succession. This lutitic domain of Segment B shows intercalated thin-bedded, very-fine-grained sandstones with double mud drapes, occasional plant remains, and the local appearance of Kinneyia. It has been interpreted as the deposit in the central part of an estuary. The presence of a tabular body of quartz sandstones, several meters thick (Segment C), observable at a distance in the landscape of the Mesas area, which develops a remarkable ravinement surface or some gullying features over the underlying lithologies at the bottomset. Segment C is mainly constituted by compound dune fields, where reactivation surfaces are oriented in the same direction as the internal stratification. These sedimentological features allow us to deduce its genesis from sediments coming from a source area located westward or southwestward, deposited obliquely or almost perpendicular to the fluvial deposit in Segment A. Segment C is interpreted as a transgressive sandy deposit at the mouth of the consolidating estuary. Subsequent minor tectonic activity reintroduces subaerial and muddy fluvial facies followed by scattered intertidal bars and channels in the fine-grained deposits of the coastal plain (Segment D). This reflects base-level fluctuations prior to the emergence of fossil-contained, tidal-influenced facies in the Cumbre Formation.
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References
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