PREPARACIÓN Y CARACTERIZACIÓN DE POLIURETANOS A PARTIR DE ACEITE DE HIGUERILLA MODIFICADO, ALMIDÓN Y ESTIRENO

Abstract

Yucca starch was converted into glycoside through glycosylation reactions with ethylene glycol and glycerol. Castor oil was first transesterified with pentaerythritol in order to obtain a wide range of polyols. The starch was reacted to glycosides in order to be chemically incorporated to the castor oil polyols by a second transesterification reaction to generate a sequence of polyol-glycosides with a high level of polyhydroxyl content. These products were characterized by the hydroxyl value, viscosity and specific gravity as a function of the glycoside type content and the kind of castor oil polyol prepared. Polyurethanes were synthesized from the polyol-glycosides by reaction with IPDL under different NCO/OH molar ratios. The polymer characterization was accomplished by FTIR analysis, tensile stress-strain behavior, Shore A hardness, TGA, chemical resistance to solvents and scanning electron microscopy.