Vol. 32 Núm. 2 (2019): Revista ION
Artículos

Eliminación de carbonilla en gases de escape con catalizadores DeNOx. Determinación de parámetros cinéticos

Marina Cortés-Reyes
Universidad de Málaga
Concepción Herrera
Universidad de Málaga
M. Ángeles Larrubia
Universidad de Málaga
Luis J Alemany
Universidad de Málaga

Publicado 2019-11-19

Palabras clave

  • Trampas de NOx,
  • Reactividad Intrínseca,
  • Eliminación de Soot,
  • Experimentos TG-MS.

Cómo citar

Cortés-Reyes, M., Herrera, C., Larrubia, M. Ángeles, & Alemany, L. J. (2019). Eliminación de carbonilla en gases de escape con catalizadores DeNOx. Determinación de parámetros cinéticos. Revista ION, 32(2), 41–51. https://doi.org/10.18273/revion.v32n2-2019004

Resumen

Los catalizadores DeNOx se emplean en la eliminación de los óxidos de nitrógeno en vehículos diésel y, también, puede que entren en contacto con carbonilla o incluso sean utilizados como sistemas de reducción de NOx y soot simultáneamente (DPNR-Diesel Particulate NOx Reduction); por ello, es importante profundizar en el mecanismo de interacción entre el soot y el catalizador. Se ha utilizado un soot Printex U modelo y un catalizador Pt-K/Al2O3, con el potasio en forma de óxido e hidroxicarbonato hidratado. Se ha estudiado mediante TG-MS el proceso de eliminación en diferentes atmósferas oxidantes. Los procesos han sido desacoplados mediante el establecimiento de la función de distribución de energía de activación. En ausencia de catalizador, se produce la combustión del soot con el oxígeno molecular en fase gas a temperaturas alrededor de los 1100 K. En presencia de NO, la reducción tiene lugar a menor temperatura debido a su carácter más oxidante y a las especies de óxidos de nitrógeno retenidas y en fase gas. Si la carbonilla se encuentra en contacto con el catalizador Pt-K/Al2O3, los centros Pt-OH-K son los responsables de la eliminación vía gasificación a 780 K con una energía de activación alrededor de 85 kJ·mol-1.

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