Articles
Dephosphorization of iron ores by acid leaching in static medium
María Alejandra Molina- Pedro Delvasto
- Antonio Ballester-Pérez
Published 2020-03-09
Keywords
- high phosphorus iron ore,
- acid leaching,
- chemical dephosphorization,
- heat treatment,
- static leaching
How to Cite
Molina, M. A., Delvasto, P., & Ballester-Pérez, A. (2020). Dephosphorization of iron ores by acid leaching in static medium. Revista UIS Ingenierías, 19(2), 51–58. https://doi.org/10.18273/revuin.v19n2-2020006
Copyright (c) 2020 Revista UIS Ingenierías
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Abstract
The dephosphorization of certain iron ores from two different countries, Brazil and Venezuela, was studied in percolation columns, using 0.6 M HCl as leaching agent. Additionally, the effect of a previous heat treatment performed at 900°C for 1 hour was studied. Minerals were characterized before leaching by X-ray fluorescence (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and porosimetry. In the remaining solutions, pH was measured and Fe and P were determined by atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), respectively. The leached ores were chemically characterized by XRF. It was found that the dephosphorization was particularly effective in the case of the heat-treated ores, as a result of the structural changes registered which facilitated phosphorus leaching. The dephosphorization rate was 23 times higher in the Brazilian heat-treated ore and 262 times in the Venezuelan one.
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References
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[4] M. A. Tayeb, S. Spooner, y S. Sridhar, “Phosphorus: The Noose of Sustainability and Renewability in Steelmaking”, JOM, vol. 66, no. 9, pp. 1565–1571, Sep. 2014, doi: 10.1007/s11837-014-1093-x
[5] K. Quast, “A review on the characterisation and processing of oolitic iron ores”, Miner. Eng., vol. 126, pp. 89–100, Sep. 2018, doi: 10.1016/j.mineng.2018.06.018
[6] M. Muhammed y Y. Zhang, “A hydrometallurgical process for the dephosphorization of iron ore”, Hydrometallurgy, vol. 21, no. 3, pp. 277–292, May 1989, doi: 10.1016/0304-386X(89)90002-9
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[8] Y. Jin, T. Jiang, Y. Yang, Q. Li, G. Li, y Y. Guo, “Removal of phosphorus from iron ores by chemical leaching”, J. Cent. South Univ. Technol., vol. 13, no. 6, pp. 673–677, Dic. 2006, doi: 10.1007/s11771-006-0003-y
[9] W. Xia, Z. Ren, y Y. Gao, “Removal of Phosphorus From High Phosphorus Iron Ores by Selective HCl Leaching Method”, J. Iron Steel Res. Int., vol. 18, no. 5, pp. 1–4, May 2011, doi: 10.1016/S1006-706X(11)60055-1
[10] Y. Zhang y M. Muhammed, “The removal of phosphorus from iron ore by leaching with nitric acid”, Hydrometallurgy, vol. 21, no. 3, pp. 255–275, May 1989, doi: 10.1016/0304-386X(89)90001-7
[11] R. D. Dukino, B. M. England, y M. Kneeshaw, “Phosphorus distribution in BIF-derived iron ores of Hamersley Province, Western Australia”, Appl. Earth Sci., vol. 109, no. 3, pp. 168–176, Dec. 2000, doi: 10.1179/aes.2000.109.3.168
[12] L. Zhang, R. Machiela, P. Das, M. Zhang, y T. Eisele, “Dephosphorization of unroasted oolitic ores through alkaline leaching at low temperature”, Hydrometallurgy, vol. 184, pp. 95–102, Mar. 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.hydromet.2018.12.023
[13] C. Y. Cheng, V. N. Misra, J. Clough, y R. Muni, “Dephosphorisation of western australian iron ore by hydrometallurgical process”, Miner. Eng., vol. 12, no. 9, pp. 1083–1092, Sep. 1999, doi: 10.1016/S0892-6875(99)00093-X
[14] B. L. Levintov, V. A. Mirko, M. D. Kantemirov, A. N. Klimushkin, V. A. Naidenov, y A. V. Bobir, “Structure of oolitic brown iron ores and their influence on the thermochemical enrichment of Lisakovsk concentrates”, Steel Transl., vol. 37, no. 8, pp. 681–685, Aug. 2007, doi: 10.3103/S0967091207080086
[15] G. Li, S. Zhang, M. Rao, Y. Zhang, y T. Jiang, “Effects of sodium salts on reduction roasting and Fe–P separation of high-phosphorus oolitic hematite ore”, Int. J. Miner. Process., vol. 124, pp. 26–34, Nov. 2013, doi: 10.1016/j.minpro.2013.07.006
[16] M. Rao, C. Ouyang, G. Li, S. Zhang, Y. Zhang, y T. Jiang, “Behavior of phosphorus during the carbothermic reduction of phosphorus-rich oolitic hematite ore in the presence of Na2SO4”, Int. J. Miner. Process., vol. 143, pp. 72–79, Oct. 2015, doi: 10.1016/j.minpro.2015.09.002
[17] C. Xu, T. Sun, J. Kou, Y. Li, X. Mo, y L. Tang, “Mechanism of phosphorus removal in beneficiation of high phosphorous oolitic hematite by direct reduction roasting with dephosphorization agent”, Trans. Nonferrous Met. Soc. China, vol. 22, no. 11, pp. 2806–2812, Nov. 2012, doi: 10.1016/S1003-6326(11)61536-7
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[20] F. Feret, "Mining: Mineral Ores and Products", en Industrial Applications of X-Ray Diffraction, F. Chung and D. Smith, Eds., Boca Raton, FL, USA: CRC Press, 1999, pp. 385-413.
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[22] A. P. L. Nunes, C. L. L. Pinto, G. E. S. Valadão, y P. R. de M. Viana, “Floatability studies of wavellite and preliminary results on phosphorus removal from a Brazilian iron ore by froth flotation”, Miner. Eng., vol. 39, pp. 206–212, Dic. 2012, doi: 10.1016/j.mineng.2012.06.004
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[26] O. Sequera y R. Ramírez, “Fósforo, calcio y azufre disponibles de la roca fosfórica acidulada con ácido sulfúrico y tiosulfato de amonio”, Interciencia, vol. 28, no. 10, pp. 604-610+563, 2003.
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[28] L. Longa-Avello, C. Pereyra-Zerpa, J. A. Casal-Ramos, y P. Delvasto, “Study of the calcination process of two limonitic iron ores between 250°C and 950°C”, Rev. Fac. Ing., vol. 26, no. 45, pp. 33–45, 2017.
[29] D. Zhu, H. Wang, J. Pan, y C. Yang, “Influence of Mechanical Activation on Acid Leaching Dephosphorization of High-phosphorus Iron Ore Concentrates”, J. Iron Steel Res. Int., vol. 23, no. 7, pp. 661–668, Jul. 2016, doi: 10.1016/S1006-706X(16)30103-0