Adaptación de consorcios microbianos nativos presentes en lodos de depuradora para acumular polihidroxialcanoatos (PHA´s)
Publicado 2024-07-29
Palabras clave
- Lodos de aguas residuales domésticas,
- PHA's,
- Estrategias de alimentación,
- Consorcios microbianos nativos,
- Ácidos grasos volátiles
Cómo citar
Derechos de autor 2024 Daina Yuliana Cortes Lasso, Angie Valeria Contreras Roa, Judith Elena Camacho Kurmen, Carolina Guzmán Luna
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-SinDerivadas 4.0.
Resumen
Los polihidroxialcanoatos (PHA´s) son poliésteres naturales biodegradables y biocompatibles sintetizados por una amplia gama de bacterias como reserva de carbono y su composición química varía de acuerdo con el sustrato utilizado, la ruta metabólica usada por el microorganismo y la enzima PHA-sintasa. Teniendo en cuenta los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS), la economía circular y la reutilización de agua residual, el propósito de esta investigación es describir, mediante la revisión de literatura científica, aspectos relacionados con la adaptación y selección de consorcios microbianos nativos que permiten obtener una alta acumulación de PHA´s a partir de lodos de depuradoras de agua residual. La producción de estos polímeros está condicionada a la formulación del medio de cultivo para favorecer el incremento de la biomasa y posteriormente su acumulación. Para esto se han descrito estrategias de alimentación microbiana iniciando con un medio enriquecido en nutrientes, seguido de una fase de formación de productos en un medio limitado, proceso conocido como feast and famine, el cual es una estrategia utilizada en la actualidad. Los consorcios microbianos mixtos provenientes de depuradoras son promisorios para la producción de PHA´s a partir de ácidos grasos volátiles utilizando la estrategia de feast and famine.
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