Artículos
Uso de las escorias de horno de arco eléctrico (EHAE) en la construcción – estado del arte
Manuel Alejandro Rojas-Manzano- Iván Fernando Otálvaro-Calle
Publicado 2021-01-02
Palabras clave
- escoria de horno de arco eléctrico,
- escoria de acería,
- sostenibilidad,
- material de construcción,
- agregados
- pavimentos,
- concreto,
- cemento,
- base granular,
- subbase granular ...Más
Cómo citar
Rojas-Manzano, M. A., Otálvaro-Calle, I. F., Pérez-Caicedo, J. A., Benavides, H. M., & Ambriz-Fregoso, C. (2021). Uso de las escorias de horno de arco eléctrico (EHAE) en la construcción – estado del arte. Revista UIS Ingenierías, 20(2), 53–64. https://doi.org/10.18273/revuin.v20n2-2021005
Resumen
El aumento de la población mundial ha tenido como consecuencia el crecimiento de la industria de la construcción. Lo anterior, implica la explotación de recursos naturales no renovables y por ende un mayor impacto ambiental por la contaminación del suelo, el agua y el aire. Así, el desarrollo sostenible se ha convertido en una prioridad en la industria, por ejemplo, por medio de la incorporación de residuos en la cadena productiva. El acero puede producirse por dos métodos: el alto horno (se funden minerales de hierro) y el horno de arco eléctrico (se funde chatarra metálica reciclada). En este último, el proceso más utilizado en Colombia, se forma la escoria horno de arco eléctrico (EHAE). Este residuo representa una oportunidad de aprovechamiento en la construcción. Varias investigaciones han estudiado el uso de este material como agregado y como materia prima del cemento. Así mismo, su utilización como sustituto de material granular en la construcción de terraplenes, bases, subbases y capas de rodadura, siendo en el área de pavimentos donde mayor aplicación puede darse a la escoria. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo realizar una revisión actualizada del estado del arte sobre el uso de la EHAE en la construcción, para promover la implementación correcta y segura de este residuo y aportar a la sostenibilidad de la industria siderúrgica.
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Referencias
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[22] F. Maghool, A. Arulrajah, C. Suksiripattanapong, S. Horpibulsuk, A. Mohajerani, “Geotechnical properties of steel slag aggregates: Shear strength and stiffness”, Soil and Foundations, vol. 59, no. 5, pp. 1591-1601, 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.sandf.2019.03.016
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[25] L. Muhmood, S. Vitta, D. Venkateswaran, “Cementitious and pozzolanic behavior of electric arc furnace steel slags”, Cement and Concrete Research, vol. 39, no. 2, pp. 102-109, 2009, doi: 10.1016/j.cemconres.2008.11.002
[26] P. E. Tsakiridis, G. D. Papadimitriou, S. Tsivilis, C, Koroneos, “Utilization of steel slag for Portland cement clinker production”, Journal of Hazardous Materials, vol. 152, no. 2, pp. 805-811, 2008, doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2007.07.093
[27] H. Kim, K. Kim, S. S. Jung, J. I. Hwang, J. Choi, I. Sohn, “Valorization of electric arc furnace primary steelmaking slags for cement applications”, Waste Management, vol. 41, pp. 85-93, 2015, doi: 10.1016/j.wasman.2015.03.019
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[29] K. Otegi, “Estudio del impacto ambiental por lixiviación de la escoria de acería en capas granulares no ligadas 706-TFM-314”, tesis de maestría, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2012.
[30] H. Motz, J. Geiseler, “Products of steel slags an opportunity to save natural resources”, Waste Management, vol. 21, no. 3, pp. 285-293, 2001, doi: 10.1016/S0956-053X(00)00102-1
[31] A. E. A. E. Behiry, “Evaluation of steel slag and crushed limestone mixtures as subbase material in flexible pavement”, Ain Shams Engineering Journal, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 43-53, 2013, doi: 10.1016/j.asej.2012.07.006
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[33] Departamento Nacional de Estradas e Rodagem, “Emprego de escórias de aciaria em pavimentos rodoviários”, DNER-PRO 263/94.
[34] M. Mansó. “Fabricación de hormigón hidráulico con escorias de horno de arco eléctrico”, tesis de maestría, Escuela Politécnica Superior de la Universidad de Burgos, 2001.
[35] Y. Perez, “Estudio de durabilidad del hormigón con áridos siderúrgicos de horno de arco eléctrico”, trabajo final de grado, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2015.
[36] I. Arribas, A. Santamaría, E. Ruiz, V. Ortega, J. M. Manso, “Electric arc furnace slag and its use in hydraulic concrete”, Construction and Building Materials, vol. 90, pp. 68-79, 2015, doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.05.003
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