Revista UIS Ingenierías

Vol. 21 Núm. 3 (2022): Revista UIS Ingenierías
Artículos

Una revisión del uso del hidrógeno en motores de encendido por compresión (diésel) y un análisis de su posible uso en motores duales en Colombia

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  • Rafael Menaca,
  • Iván Darío Bedoya-Caro
Rafael Menaca
Universidad de Antioquia
Iván Darío Bedoya-Caro
Universidad de Antioquia
DOI: https://doi.org/10.18273/revuin.v21n3-2022004

Publicado 2022-07-21

Palabras clave

  • desempeño,
  • combustión y emisiones,
  • límites de knock,
  • motores duales diésel-hidrógeno,
  • transición energética,
  • motores de combustión interna,
  • matriz energética colombiana
    • ...Más
    Menos

Cómo citar

Menaca, R. ., & Bedoya-Caro, I. D. (2022). Una revisión del uso del hidrógeno en motores de encendido por compresión (diésel) y un análisis de su posible uso en motores duales en Colombia. Revista UIS Ingenierías, 21(3), 33–54. https://doi.org/10.18273/revuin.v21n3-2022004

Derechos de autor 2022 Revista UIS Ingenierías

Creative Commons License

Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-SinDerivadas 4.0.

Resumen

Las emisiones de los motores de encendido por compresión (MEC) están siendo fuertemente reguladas. Abandonar los motores diésel no es una solución a las regulaciones establecidas, debido a su alto desempeño respecto a similares tecnologías. El uso de combustibles más limpios y alternativos en motores diésel actuales es una propuesta bastante atractiva, puesto que aprovecharía su alta eficiencia y las características verdes de los combustibles no convencionales. El hidrógeno es el combustible más prometedor debido a que es limpio y puede ser producido a partir de energías alternativas como la solar o la eólica. El uso de motores duales diésel-hidrógeno promueve la reducción de agentes contaminantes atmosféricos (COx y hollín) y puede aumentar la eficiencia térmica del motor. En este trabajo se analizan los MEC en modo dual diésel-hidrógeno en una amplia gama de aspectos. Se revisa el efecto de la adición de hidrógeno a los MEC sobre el rendimiento del motor y las emisiones contaminantes. Se describe la legislación de Colombia y su matriz energética, y se analizan los compromisos que se tienen en los procesos energéticos. Se analizan los estudios en Colombia de los motores utilizando hidrógeno, y se establecen los límites de enriquecimiento recomendados expuestos en la literatura.

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