Articles
Characteristics of lightning-generated electric fields measured in the Bogotá Savanna, Colombia
Published 2017-06-01
Keywords
- Cloud-to-ground lightning,
- Electric field,
- Negative return stroke,
- Preliminary breakdown pulses
How to Cite
Rojas, H., Cruz, A., & Cortés, C. (2017). Characteristics of lightning-generated electric fields measured in the Bogotá Savanna, Colombia. Revista UIS Ingenierías, 16(2), 243–252. https://doi.org/10.18273/revuin.v16n2-2017022
Abstract
In this paper, important features of electric fields produced by cloud-to-ground (CG) lightning flashes in the central region of Colombia are analyzed. This study is the first conducted in the country where more than 100 CG lightning flash signatures are analyzed. The measurements were conducted at Bogotá, Colombia between August-September 2016. A total of 138 electric field waveforms obtained from 7 thunderstorms events with an average duration of 2.7 hours were included. The distance of the electric field signatures with respect to the measuring system was in the range between 40 and 249 km. The statistical analysis showed that 38% of the recorded negative CG flashes were single-strokes, which is a high percentage in comparison with other tropical and sub-tropical regions. The maximum multiplicity during the season was 9 strokes per flash and the average duration of the multiple-stroke flashes was 165 ms. In addition, although electric field signatures present a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) with a medium level, the preliminary breakdown pulse train was identified in 22.8% of the recorded flashes. The minimum and maximum duration of preliminary breakdown for the examined negative flashes were 800 ns and 22 ms, respectively.
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References
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Y. Zhu, V. A. Rakov, S. Mallick, y M. D. Tran, “Characterization of negative cloud-to-ground lightning in Florida”, J. Atmos. Solar-Terrestrial Phys., vol. 136, pp. 8–15, 2015
K. L. Cummins y M. J. Murphy, “An overview of lightning locating systems: History, techniques, and data uses, with an in-depth look at the U.S. NLDN”, IEEE Trans. Electromagn. Compat., vol. 51, no 3, pp. 499–518, 2009.
V. A. Rakov, “Lightning phenomenology and parameters important for lightning protection”, en IX International Symposium on Lightning Protection SIPDA, 2007, no November, pp. 1–24.
B. Salimi, K. Mehranzamir, y Z. Abdul-Malek, “Statistical Analysis of Lightning Electric Field Measured Under Equatorial Region Condition”, Procedia Technol., vol. 11, no Iceei, pp. 525–531, 2013.
X. Qie, Y. Yu, D. Wang, H. Wang, y R. Chu, “Characteristics of Cloud-to-Ground Lightning in Chinese Inland Plateau.”, J. Meteorol. Soc. Japan, vol. 80, no 4, pp. 745–754, 2002.
W.-S. Dong, X.-S. Liu, Y.-J. Zhang, C.-X. Chen, y J.-G. Wang, “Lightning electromagnetic radiation field spectra in the interval from 25 to 100 MHz”, Zhongguo Dianji Gongcheng Xuebao/Proceedings Chinese Soc. Electr. Eng., vol. 23, no 3, pp. 104–107, 2003.
Z. A. Baharudin, M. Fernando, N. A. Ahmad, J. S. Mäkelä, M. Rahman, y V. Cooray, “Electric field changes generated by the preliminary breakdown for the negative cloud-to-ground lightning flashes in Malaysia and Sweden”, J. Atmos. Solar-Terrestrial Phys., vol. 84–85, pp. 15–24, ago. 2012.
Z. A. Baharudin, N. A. Ahmad, M. Fernando, V. Cooray, y J. S. Mäkelä, “Comparative study on preliminary breakdown pulse trains observed in Johor, Malaysia and Florida, USA”, Atmos. Res., vol. 117, pp. 111–121, 2012.
S. N. M. Arshad, M. Izadi, M. Z. A. Ab Kadir, M. A. Abd Bari, N. Rameli, N. Abdul Rahim, y M. N. Hamzah, “Characterization preliminary breakdown in the measured lightning electric fields”, 8th Int. Power Eng. Optim. Conf. PEOCO 2014, no March, pp. 435–438, 2014.
A. Hazmi, P. Emeraldi, M. I. Hamid, y N. Takagi, “Some characteristics of multiple stroke negative cloud to ground lightning flashes in Padang”, Int. J. Electr. Eng. Informatics, vol. 8, no 2, pp. 438–450, 2016.
M. A. Haddad, V. A. Rakov, y S. A. Cummer, “New measurements of lightning electric fields in Florida: Waveform characteristics, interaction with the ionosphere, and peak current estimates”, J. Geophys. Res. Atmos., vol. 117, no 10, 2012.
S. N. M. Arshad, M. Z. A. Ab Kadir, M. Izadi, M. N. Hamzah, C. Gomes, y J. Jasni, “Characterization of measured lightning electric fields observed in Malaysia”, Int. Conf. Light. Prot. (ICLP 2014), pp. 1058–1063, 2014.
H. E. Rojas, C. A. Rivera, J. Chaves, C. A. Cortés, F. J. Roman, y M. Fernando, “New Circuit for the Measurement of Lightning Generated Electric Fields”, en 2017 International Symposium on Lightning Protection (XIV SIPDA), 2017, pp. 1–7.
C. C. Rodríguez, S. M. Peña, y H. O. Boada, “Estudio de los niveles de radiación electromagnética no ionizante en varias zonas de la ciudad de Bucaramanga”, Rev. UIS Ing., vol. 9, no 2, pp. 207–218, 2010.
Y. P. Goyes Peñafiel, G. Jimenez Diaz, y R. Mier Umaña, “Aplicación del método de inversión usando mínimos cuadrados (DLS) para el procesamiento de sondeos eléctricos verticales en Campo Escuela Colorado (Santander) – Caso de estudio”, Rev. UIS Ing., vol. 15, no 2, pp. 125–133, ene. 2016.
C. Tovar, D. Aranguren, J. Lopez, J. Inampues, y H. Torres, “Lightning risk assessment and thunderstorm warning systems”, en International Conference on Lightning Protection (ICLP 2014), 2014, pp. 1870–1874.
D. Aranguren, C. Tovar, J. Inampués, J. Lopez, E. Soto, y H. Torres, “Lightning effects on distribution transformers and reliability of power distribution systems in Colombia”, Ing. e Investig., vol. 35, no Sup 1, pp. 28–33, 2015.
U. Sonnadara, V. Cooray, y T. Götschl, “Characteristics of cloud-to-ground lightning flashes over Sweden”, Phys. Scr., vol. 74, no 5, pp. 541–548, 2006.
M. A. Uman, The Lightning Discharge. New York, USA: Courier Dover Publications, 2012.
V. Cooray y K. P. S. C. Jayaratne, “Characteristics of lightning flashes observed in Sri Lanka in the tropics”, J. Geophys. Res., vol. 99, no D10, p. 21051, 1994.
V. A. Rakov, M. A. Uman, y R. Thottappillil, “Review of lightning properties from electric field and TV observations”, J. Geophys. Res., vol. 99, no D5, p. 10745, 1994.
Z. A. Baharudin, N. A. Ahmad, J. S. Mäkelä, M. Fernando, y V. Cooray, “Negative cloud-to-ground lightning flashes in Malaysia”, J. Atmos. Solar-Terrestrial Phys., vol. 108, pp. 61–67, 2014.
M. G. Ballarotti, C. Medeiros, M. M. F. Saba, W. Schulz, y O. Pinto, “Frequency distributions of some parameters of negative downward lightning flashes based on accurate-stroke-count studies”, J. Geophys. Res. Atmos., vol. 117, no D6, p. n/a-n/a, mar. 2012.
A. Nag y V. A. Rakov, “Pulse trains that are characteristic of preliminary breakdown in cloud-to-ground lightning but are not followed by return stroke pulses”, J. Geophys. Res. Atmos., vol. 113, no 1, pp. 1–12, 2008.
A. Nag y V. A. Rakov, “Electric Field Pulse Trains Occurring Prior to the First Stroke in Negative Cloud-to-Ground Lightning”, IEEE Trans. Electromagn. Compat., vol. 51, no 1, pp. 147–150, feb. 2009.
N. D. Clarence y D. J. Malan, “Preliminary discharge processes in lightning flashes to ground”, Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., vol. 83, no 356, pp. 161–172, abr. 1957.
Y. Zhu, V. A. Rakov, S. Mallick, y M. D. Tran, “Characterization of negative cloud-to-ground lightning in Florida”, J. Atmos. Solar-Terrestrial Phys., vol. 136, pp. 8–15, 2015