Resumen
La hepatitis autoinmune es una enfermedad inflamatoria y necrótica del hígado, crónica e infrecuente caracterizada por la presencia de autoanticuerpos. La incidencia y la prevalencia de esta varía entre continentes, incluso entre países, con una prevalencia a nivel mundial de 3 por cada 100 000 en la población adulta, siendo predominante en mujeres. El diagnóstico se basa en la medición de autoanticuerpos, como los autoanticuerpos antinucleares, anticuerpos antimúsculo liso y anticuerpos antimicrosomales de hígado y riñón. El 10 % no presentan anticuerpos denominándose hepatitis autoinmune seronegativa. A continuación, se presenta el caso de una mujer de 63 años, hipertensa, con cuadro de un año de evolución de astenia, acolia e ictericia mucocutánea y laboratorio con hipertransaminemia e hiperbilirrubinemia directa. Se diagnosticó enfermedad hepática crónica mediante biopsia y posteriormente hepatitis autoinmune ante negatividad de anticuerpos, finalmente se trató con corticoides y azatioprina, con resolución del cuadro.
Referencias
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