Abstract
La malaria durante el embarazo es un grave problema de salud materno-infantil. Anualmente, en el mundo se reportan alrededor de 24 millones de casos de malaria en embarazadas, quienes son reconocidas como un grupo de alta susceptibilidad y vulnerabilidad frente a esta infección, debido a las adaptaciones de tipo inmunológicas ocurridas durante la gestación y a la realidad social en que vive la gestante. Tradicionalmente, el estudio de la malaria durante el embarazo se ha centrado en dilucidar la presentación clínica en cada uno de los contextos epidemiológicos en donde esta se presenta y en los aspectos biomédicos con que se asocia. Algunos pocos han explorado la relación de la realidad social y cultural con este problema. La presente revisión tiene como fi n, describir la epidemiología de la malaria durante el embarazo incluyendo los aspectos biomédicos y sociales asociados a ella, para permitir una refl exión más compleja de este problema de salud. (MÉD.UIS. 2008;21(3):142-57)
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determinants, and estimates of the malaria burden. Am J
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24. Bouyou-Akotet MK, D.E I-C, Mabika- Manfoumbi M,
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Plasmodium falciparum infection in pregnant women in
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25. Verhoef FH, Brabin BJ, Chimsuku L, Kazembe P,
Broadhead RL. An analysis of the determinants of
anaemia in pregnant women in rural Malawi—a basis for
action. Ann Trop Med Parasitol. 1999;93(1):119–33.
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Plasmodium falciparum-related anemia among pregnant
women in sub-Saharan Africa. Am J Trop Med Hyg
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in pregnant women in sub-Saharan Africa. Cochrane
Database Syst Rev 2006; 4: CD000169.
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PF. WHO analysis of causes of maternal death: a
systematic review. Lancet. 2006 Apr 1;367(9516):1066-
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29. Brabin BJ, Agbaje SO, Ahmed Y, Briggs ND. A birthweight
nomogram for Africa, as a malaria-control indicator. Ann
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BJ. The impact of endemic and epidemic malaria on the
risk of stillbirth in two areas of Tanzania with different
malaria transmission patterns. Malaria J. 2006; 5:89.
31. Tako EA, Zhou A, Lohoue J, Leke R, Wallace- Taylor D,
Leke RFG. Risk factors for placental malaria and its
effect on pregnancy outcome in Yaounde, Cameroon. Am
J Trop Med Hyg. 2005;72(3):236–42.
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factors for Plasmodium falciparum malaria in pregnant
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White NJ. The epidemiology of severe malaria in an area
of low transmission in Thailand. Trans Roy Soc Trop
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34. Luxemburger C, McGready R, Kham A, Morison L, Cho
T, Chongsuphajaisiddhi T, et al. Effects of malaria during
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New Guinea Trans Roy Soc Trop Med Hyg.
1988;82(7):822-6.
36. Mukhtar MY, Lesi FE, Iroha EU, Egri-Okwaji MT, Mafe
AG. Congenital malaria among inborn babies at a tertiary
centre in Lagos, Nigeria. J Trop Pediatrics. Publisher
online. 30 de Noviembre de 2006.
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Mayo 2008.
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41. Greenwood B, Alonso P, ter Kuile FO, Hill J, Steketee RW.
Malaria in pregnancy: priorities for research. Lancet
Infect Dis. 2007;7(2):169-74.
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Cho T, et al. Effects of Plasmodium vivax malaria in
pregnancy. Lancet. 1999;354(9178):546-9.
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malaria in pregnancy in central India. Bull World Health
Organ. 1999; 77(7):567–72.
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H, Brockman A, et al. The effects of Plasmodium
falciparum and P. vivax infections on placental
histopathology in an area of low malaria transmission.
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2004;70(4):398-407.
45. Rodriguez-Morales AJ, Sanchez E, Vargas M, Piccolo C,
Colina R, Arria M, Franco-Paredes C. Pregnancy outcomes
associated with Plasmodium vivax malaria in
northeastern Venezuela. Am J Trop Med Hyg.
2006;74(5):755-7.
46. Lindsay S, Ansell J, Selman C, Cox V, Hamilton K,
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