Keywords
morbidity and mortality indicators
electric impedance
pregnancy
body water
extracellular fluid
pre-eclampsia
prediction
prevention
How to Cite
Abstract
Preeclampsia is an important cause of maternal mortality worldwide. Early identification of pregnant women at risk of developing it is a preventive measure of great impact. Body water measurement has been documented since 1994, and since 2015 it was stablished its relationship with risk of developing preeclampsia. Therefore, a review of the relationship between body water and preeclampsia was carried out until June 2019, with 17 papers selected. As a result of the review, it was concluded that the measurement of body water in pregnant women could detect the appearance of preeclampsia to establish a strict early follow-up of women with a higher risk of presenting it. These measurements are made with simple, non-invasive and low-cost procedure, such as electrical impedance by spectral analysis. However, studies with greater methodological rigor are required for the study of a diagnostic test such as the one proposed.
References
Berlit S, Stojakowits M, Tuschy B, Weiss C, Leweling H, Sütterlin M, et al. Bioelectrical impedance analysis in the assessment of pre-eclampsia. Arch Gynecol Obstet [Internet]. 2015;291(1):31–8. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00404-014-3369-3.
ACOG. Clinical Management Guidelines for Obstetrician – Gynecologists Number 183, postpartum hemorrhage. Obstet Gynecol. 2017;108(4):1039.
Brown MA, Magee LA, Kenny LC, Karumanchi SA, McCarthy FP, Saito S, et al. Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy: ISSHP classification, diagnosis, and management recommendations for international practice. Hypertension. 2018;72(1):24–43.
Asemota O, Bryson L, Fogel J. Neonatal outcomes in obese pregnant women who develop preeclampsia. Pregnancy Hypertens. 2020;21:191–6.
Ngwenya S, Jones B, Mwembe D, Nare H, Heazell AEP. Development and validation of risk prediction models for adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes in severe preeclampsia in a low-resource setting, Mpilo Central Hospital, Bulawayo, Zimbabwe. Pregnancy Hypertens. 2021;23:18–26.
Venkatesh KK, Strauss RA, Westreich DJ, Thorp JM, Stamilio DM, Grantz KL. Adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes among women with preeclampsia with severe features <34 weeks gestation with versus without comorbidity. Pregnancy Hypertens. 2020;20:75–82.
Rodríguez Ballesteros R, Ruz EN. Preeclampsia: ¿es posible su predicción y prevención en la actualidad? Rev Sanid Milit Mex. 2017;71(5):437–42.
Braunthal S, Brateanu A. Hypertension in pregnancy: Pathophysiology and treatment. SAGE Open Med. 2019;7:205031211984370.
Wang XM, Wu HY, Qiu XJ. Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene C677T polymorphism and risk of preeclampsia: An updated meta-analysis based on 51 studies. Arch Med Res. 2013;44(3):159–68.
Cormick G, Zhang NN, Andrade SP, Quiroga MJ, Di Marco I, Porta A, et al. Gaps between calcium recommendations to prevent pre- eclampsia and current intakes in one hospital in Argentina. BMC Res Notes. 2014;7:1–6.
Aranda F, Udry S, Wingeyer SP, Amshoff LC, Bogdanova N, Wieacker P, et al. Maternal carriers of the ANXA5 M2 haplotype are exposed to a greater risk for placenta-mediated pregnancy complications. J Assist Reprod Genet. 2018;35(5):921–8.
Joukhadar J, Nevers T, Kalkunte S. New frontiers in reproductive immunology research: Bringing bedside problems to the bench. Expert Rev Clin Immunol. 2011;7(5):575–7.
López-Jaramillo P, Herrera JA, Arenas-Mantilla M, Jáuregui IE, Mendoza MA. Subclinical infection as a cause of inflammation in preeclampsia. Am J Ther. 2008;15(4):373–6.
Reyes L, Garcia R, Ruiz S, Dehghan M, López-Jaramillo P. Nutritional status among women with pre-eclampsia and healthy pregnant and non-pregnant women in a Latin American country. J Obstet Gynaecol Res. 2012;38(3):498–504.
Marques MR, Grandi C, Nascente LMP, Cavalli RC, Cardoso VC. Placental morphometry in hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and its relationship with birth weight in a Latin American population. Pregnancy Hypertens. 2018;13:235–41.
da Silva EG, Carvalhaes MA, Hirakawa HS, da Silva EG, Peraçoli JC. Bioimpedance in pregnant women with preeclampsia. Hypertens Pregnancy. 2010;29(4):357–65.
Gyselaers W, Vonck S, Staelens AS, Lanssens D, Tomsin K, Oben J, et al. Body fluid volume homeostasis is abnormal in pregnancies complicated with hypertension and/or poor fetal growth. PLoS One [Internet]. 2018;13(11):e0206257.
Jaffrin MY, Morel H. Body fluid volumes measurements by impedance: A review of bioimpedance spectroscopy (BIS) and bioimpedance analysis (BIA) methods. Med Eng Phys. 2008;30(10):1257–69.
Sotiriadis A, Hernandez-Andrade E, da Silva Costa F, Ghi T, Glanc P, Khalil A, et al. ISUOG Practice Guidelines: role of ultrasound in screening for and follow-up of pre-eclampsia. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2019;53(1):7–22.
Gyselaers W. Maternal Venous Hemodynamic Dysfunction in Proteinuric Gestational Hypertension: Evidence and Implications. J Clin Med. 2019;8(3):335.
Watson PE, Watson ID, Batt RD. Total body water volumes for adult males and females estimated from simple anthropometric measurements. Am J Clin Nutr. 1980;33(1):27–39.
Matias CN, Noujeimi FA, Sardinha LB, Teixeira VH, Silva AM. Total body water and water compartments assessment in athletes: Validity of multi-frequency bioelectrical impedance. Sci Sports [Internet]. 2019;34(6):e307–13.
Hankin ME, Munz K, Steinbeck AW. Total body water content in normal and grossly obese women. Med J Aust. 1976;2(14):533–7.
Armstrong LE, Johnson EC. Water intake, water balance, and the elusive daily water requirement. Nutrients. 2018;10(12):1928.
Jaffrin MY, Morel H. Body fluid volumes measurements by impedance: A review of bioimpedance spectroscopy (BIS) and bioimpedance analysis (BIA) methods. Med Eng Phys. 2008;30(10):1257–69.
Albert NM. Bioimpedance Cardiography Measurements of Cardiac Output and Other Cardiovascular Parameters. Crit Care Nurs Clin North Am. 2006;18(2):195–202.
Gyselaers W, Vonck S, Staelens AS, Lanssens D, Tomsin K, Oben J, et al. Gestational hypertensive disorders show unique patterns of circulatory deterioration with ongoing pregnancy. Am J Physiol Integr Comp Physiol. 2019 Mar 1;316(3):R210–21.
Gagliardi G, Tiralongo GM, LoPresti D, Pisani I, Farsetti D, Vasapollo B, et al. Screening for pre-eclampsia in the first trimester: role of maternal hemodynamics and bioimpedance in non-obese patients. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2017 Nov;50(5):584–8.
Tiralongo GM, Lo Presti D, Pisani I, Gagliardi G, Scala RL, Novelli GP, et al. Assessment of total vascular resistance and total body water in normotensive women during the first trimester of pregnancy. A key for the prevention of preeclampsia. Pregnancy Hypertens. 2015 Apr;5(2):193–7.
Da Silva EG, Carvalhaes MA, Hirakawa HS, da Silva EG, Peraçoli JC. Bioimpedance in pregnant women with preeclampsia. Hypertens Pregnancy. 2010;29(4):357–65.
Lo Presti D, Scala RL, Tiralongo GM, Pisani I, Gagliardi G, Novelli GP, et al. PP065. Assessment of total vascular resistance and total body water in normotensive women during the first trimester of pregnancy in order to predict hypertensive complications. Pregnancy Hypertens. 2013 Apr;3(2):90–1.
Valensise H, Andreoli A, Lello S, Magnani F, Romanini C, De Lorenzo A, et al. Multifrequency bioelectrical impedance analysis in women with a normal and hypertensive pregnancy. Am J Clin Nutr. 2000 Sep;72(3):780–3.
Piuri G, Ferrazzi E, Bulfoni C, Mastricci L, Di Martino D, Speciani AF. Longitudinal changes and correlations of bioimpedance and anthropometric measurements in pregnancy: Simple possible bed-side tools to assess pregnancy evolution. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2017 Dec;30(23):2824–30.
Lukaski HC, Siders WA, Nielsen EJ, Hall CB. Total body water in pregnancy: assessment by using bioelectrical impedance. Am J Clin Nutr. 1994 Mar;59(3):578–85.
Martin A, Brown MA, O’Sullivan AJ. Body composition and energy metabolism in pregnancy. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol. 2001 May;41(2):217–23.
Yasuda R, Takeuchi K, Funakoshi T, Maruo T. Bioelectrical impedance analysis in the clinical management of preeclamptic women with edema. J Perinat Med. 2003;31(4):275–80.
Berlit S, Tuschy B, Stojakowits M, Weiss C, Leweling H, Sütterlin M. Bioelectrical impedance analysis in pregnancy: reference ranges. In Vivo. 2013 Nov-Dec;27(6):851–4.
Staelens AS, Vonck S, Molenberghs G, Malbrain MLNG, Gyselaers W. Maternal body fluid composition in uncomplicated pregnancies and preeclampsia: a bioelectrical impedance analysis. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2016 Sep;204:69– 73.
Lingala SM, Ghany MGMMhs. 可乐定和右美托嘧啶产生抗伤害协同作用 HHS Public Access. 2016;25(3):289–313.
Valensise H, Vasapollo B, Novelli GP, Larciprete G, Andreoli A, Altomare F, et al. Total body water estimation and maternal cardiac systolic function assessment in normal and gestational hypertensive pregnant women. Med Sci Monit. 2004 Sep;10(9):CR530-4. Epub 2004 Aug 20. PMID: 15328487.
Pisani I, Tiralongo GM, Lo Presti D, Gagliardi G, Farsetti D, Vasapollo B, et al. Correlation between maternal body composition and haemodynamic changes in pregnancy: different profiles for different hypertensive disorders. Pregnancy Hypertens. 2017 Oct;10:131–4.
Scardo JA, Ellings J, Vermillion ST, Chauhan SP. Validation of bioimpedance estimates of cardiac output in preeclampsia. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2000 Oct;183(4):911–3.
San-Frutos LM, Fernández R, Almagro J, Barbancho C, Salazar F, Pérez-Medina T, et al. Measure of hemodynamic patterns by thoracic electrical bioimpedance in normal pregnancy and in preeclampsia. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2005 Aug 1;121(2):149–53.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Copyright (c) 2021 Médicas UIS