Keywords
infant, premature
infant, very low birth weight
hypocalcemia
hypophosphatemia
alkaline phosphatase
How to Cite
Abstract
Metabolic bone disease of prematurity is a multifactorial pathology that represents a significant cause of morbidity and has increased in prevalence. Its diagnosis requires biochemical, radiological, and, in advanced stages, clinical criteria; therefore, many authors recommend screening and prevention strategies. This article aims to review the most relevant aspects of the metabolic bone disease of prematurity, with emphasis on prevention and early treatment. A bibliographic review was carried out with MeSH terms in the Pubmed, ClinicalKey, ScienceDirect, SciELO, and LILACS databases. Although there is no consensus on screening, diagnosis and treatment guidelines, the main strategy currently used is to provide individualized nutritional support that covers the demands of calcium, phosphorus and vitamin D associated with clinical intervention methods and monitoring of high-risk babies. Understanding this pathology will improve screening strategies and early diagnosis and thus avoid complications.
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