Endocrine complications of Down syndrome in pediatrics: a review of the literature
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Keywords

Down syndrome
Endocrine System Disease
Thyroid Hormones
Diabetes Mellitus
Growth
Obesity
Puberty
Fertility
Lipid Metabolism Disorders
Pediatrics

How to Cite

Sarmiento, M. P., & Gómez, S. (2022). Endocrine complications of Down syndrome in pediatrics: a review of the literature. Médicas UIS, 35(3), 91–103. https://doi.org/10.18273/revmed.v35n3-2022010

Abstract

Down syndrome is the most common chromosomal disorder worldwide, affecting 6,03 to 7,86 per 10.000 live births in Colombia. Pediatric patients with Down syndrome have a higher incidence of endocrine disorders compared to the general population. The aim of this paper was to review the endocrinological manifestations prevalent in pediatric patients with Down syndrome related to small stature, pubertal development, thyroid dysfunction, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, and obesity. Additionally, their follow-up and adequate treatment are described. A literature search was carried out from August 2020 to December 2021 in the PubMed and Google Scholar databases. A total of 44 publications were included for this review. It is concluded that pediatric patients with Down syndrome are more likely to have short stature and have a higher risk of obesity and overweight. In addition, thyroid dysfunction and diabetes mellitus are frequent complications.

https://doi.org/10.18273/revmed.v35n3-2022010
PDF (Español (España))

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