Keywords
Bronchoalveolar lavage
Blood-air barrier
Thrombocytopenia
Autoimmunity
How to Cite
Abstract
Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage, a manifestation of several immune and non-immune diseases, is a rare complication of pri- mary autoimmune thrombocytopenia. It is considered in patients with dyspnea, alveolar opacities in chest images and the presence of more than 20 % of hemosiderin-laden macrophages in bronchoalveolar lavage. We present the case of a woman with a known diagnosis of primary immune thrombocytopenia, referred from an outpatient clinic for platelet cou- nt less than 10 000 platelets/milliliter, who presented with rapid onset hypoxemia, ground-glass opacities and bronchoal- veolar lavage with a high number of hemosiderin-laden macrophages, configuring a diagnosis of alveolar hemorrhage, which responded to combined cytostatic therapy in terms of sustained improvement in platelet count. The importance of identifying elements of clinical judgment that allow early diagnosis, as well as establishing transdisciplinary bridges leading to effective treatment in a potentially fatal scenario, is argued.
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