Keywords
Deaths
Gastrointestinal Bleeding
Endoscopy Digestive System
Gastrointestinal Bleeding
Endoscopy Digestive System
How to Cite
Almeida Varela, R., Bode Sado, A., Mendoza, M., León, C., & Samper, O. (2012). Cause of death in patients with gastrointestinal bleeding, from 2004 until 2006. “Miguel Enríquez” Hospital. Havana, Cuba. Médicas UIS, 25(2). Retrieved from https://revistas.uis.edu.co/index.php/revistamedicasuis/article/view/3149
Abstract
Introduction: one of the most severe and frequent events that can affect the digestive system is gastrointestinal bleeding, hence the importance of an early diagnosis and treatment. In spite of the therapeutic advances and the support of endoscopic methods, this entity sometimes has a fatal outcome. Objective: describing the causes of death of patients with gastrointestinal bleeding in this hospital. Methods: carry out this retrospective study that spans from January of the year 2004 until December of the year 2006. It was revised the reports of the committee of deceaseds, and the histories of these patients. Results: from the total of deceased patients in this surgery service, 29,3% were due to this cause. We performed autopsies in 77% of these patients, and the most frequent causes of gastrointestinal bleeding were esophagogastric varices 47%, peptic ulcers 19,5% and acute erosive gastritis 13%. Conclusions: gastrointestinal bleeding was
found to be a frequent cause of death in this hospital. The most commonly observed sign was hematemesis, and it was found to most commonly affect old men with a personal history of chronic illness. (MÉD.UIS. 2012;25(2):113-20)
References
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8. Chung DC, Rustgi AK. The hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer syndrome: genetics and clinical implications. Ann Intern Med. 2003;138(7):560-70.
9. American Joint Committee on Cancer. Colon and rectum. Philadelphia: Lippincott–Raven, 2002:113.
10. Compton CC, Fielding LP, Burgart LJ, Conley B, Cooper HS, Hamilton SR, et al. Prognostic factors in colorectal cancer. College of American Pathologists Consensus Statement 1999. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2000;124(7):979-94.
11. Acosta A, Karatanasopuloz Pintos, Haydar C, Levy G, Martín C, Paiz M. Fístula aortoentérica como causa de hemorragia digestiva en tres pacientes adultos. Med. Intensiva. 2006;30(3):120-122. http://search.scielo.org:80/index.php?detail=1&q=id:art-S0210-56912006000300007 [consulta: 8 julio 2012].
12. Ruiz Lobo EJ, Vargas Rubio R, Hani AC, Alvarado Bestene J, Rodríguez Varón A, Suárez Quintero Y, et al. Tumor de intestino delgado. Rev Col Gastroenterol. 2009;24(2):180-186.
13. Arredondo Bruce A, Amores Carraté J, Águila Arostegui DL, Guerrero Jiménez G, Fuster Espín M. Anemia refractaria por leiomiosarcoma de intestino delgado. Reporte de un caso. AMC. 2008;12(3): 0-0.
14. Montero I, Martínez LF, González S, Moreno H, Carrillo S, Martínez Y. Malformación venosa de íleon terminal. Rev. cuba. pediatr. 2006;78(4).
15. Abreu M, Vilar E, Arús ER, Mejia J, Martínez Y, Yasells A. Trends in digestive cancer mortality, Cuba 1987–2008. Eur J Public Health. ckr210 2013 Feb;23(1):164-70.
16. Cruz A, Anaya JL, Pampín LE, Pérez D, Lopategui I. Mortalidad por sangrado digestivo alto en el Hospital “Enrique Cabrera”. Rev Cubana Cir. 2008;47(4).
17. Rodríguez Fernández Z, Casamayor Callejas E, Goderich Lalán JM. Caracterización de los pacientes hospitalizados por sangrado digestivo alto. MEDISAN. 2001;15(1):58-66.
18. Almeida Varela R, et al. Comportamiento de la hemorragia digestiva alta en el Hospital Universitario «Calixto García». Rev Cubana Cir. 2001;50(1)
19. Nyhus. Tratamiento endoscópico en el manejo de las varices esofágicas: escleroterapia inyectada y ligadura de las várices. 2000;121.
20. Waxman I, Shami VM. Endoscopic treatment of early gastroesophageal malignancy. Curr Opin Gastroenterol. 2002;18(5):587-94.
21. Savides TJ, Jensen DM, Cohen J,Randall GM, Kovacs TO, Pelayo E, et al. Severe upper gastrointestinal tumor bleeding: endoscopic findings, treatment, and outcome. Endoscopy. 1996;28(2):244-8.
22. Lieberman DA, Weiss DG, Bond JH, Ahnen DJ, Garewal H, Chejfec G. Use of colonoscopy to screen asymptomatic adults for colorectal cancer. Veterans Affairs Cooperative Study Group 380. N Engl J Med. 2000;343(3):162-8.
23. Winawer S, Fletcher R, Rex D, Bond J, Burt R, Ferrucci J, et al. Colorectal cancer screening and surveillance: clinical guidelines and rationale-updated based new evidence. Gastroenterology. 2003;124(2):544-60.
24. Selby JV, Freidman GD, Quesenberry CP Jr, Weiss NS. A case control study of screening sigmoidoscopy and mortality for colorectal cancer. N Engl J Med. 1992;326(10):653-7.
25. J.C. Endoscopic et pronostic de I ́ hemorragie der tractus digestive superieur. Instituto Superior de Ciencias Médicas de la Habana. 2002.
26. Nelson. Digestive Endoscopy. 2005;17:275-285.
27. Riccini ME, Shah SK, Tringali A, et. al. Digestive Endoscopy. 2004;16:14-21.
28. Soriano Álvarez C. Sangramiento en el trato digestivo. Acta médica peruana. 2006;23(3) :136
29. Hernández HR. Manual de endoscopia digestiva superior diagnóstica. La Habana: Ciencias Médicas; 2008. http://www.bvs.sld.cu/libros/manual_endoscopia/indice_p.htm [consulta: 6 julio 2012].
30. Carbonell N. Digestive Endoscopy. 2005;17:203.6. www.enlared.com.ar/template.php?pagina=./Articulos/V_9/HemorragiaDigestivaAlta.html. [consulta: 8 julio 2012].
31. Palomino Besada AB, Súarez Conejera AM, Brunate Pozo M. Escleroterapia endoscópica en el sangramiento digestivo alto de origen no variceal. Rev Cub Med Mil. 2007:36-2 http://search.scielo.org:80/index.php?detail=1&q=id:art-S0138-65572007000200002 [consulta: 6 julio 2012].
32. Galiano de Sánchez MT, Sánchez Arciniegas F, Pineda Ovalle LF. Experiencia clínica del uso de la videocápsula endoscópica en el diagnóstico de patología del intestino delgado. Rev Col Gastroenterol. 2009;24(1):17-25
33. Mitsunobu Matsushita, Kazushige Uchida, Yoshiya Tahashi, Kazuichi Okazaki. Endoscopic band ligation for cardiac variceal bleeding: safe or fatal?. Gastrointestinal Endoscopy. 2008;67(1):189-190.
34. Casamayor Callejas E, Rodríguez Fernández Z, Goderich Lalán JM. Sangrado digestivo alto: consideraciones actuales acerca de su diagnóstico y tratamiento. Medisan. 2010;14(5).
35. Naotaka H, Tomohiko A, Daisuke Y, Nao K, Kozo K, Hideo U, et al. The efficacy of balloon-occluded retrograde transvenous obliteration on small intestinal variceal bleeding. Surgery. 2010;148(1):145-150.
36. Isaksson B, Jeppsson B, Bengtsson F, Hannesson P, Herlin P, Bengmark S. Mesocaval shunt or repeated sclerotherapy: Effects on rebleeding and encephalopathy — A randomized trial Surgery. 2005;117(5):498-504
37. Nobuo Waguri, Masahiro Hayashi, Takeshi Yokoo, Rie Sato, Yoshihisa Arao, Toru Setsu, et al. Simultaneous Combined Balloon-occluded Retrograde Transvenous Obliteration and Partial Splenic Embolization for Portosystemic Shunts. Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology. 2005;23(5):650-657.
38. Maruyama H, Okugawa H, Kobayashi S, Yoshizumi H, Yokosuka O. Pre-treatment hemodynamic features involved with long-term survival of cirrhotic patients after embolization of gastric fundal varices. European Journal of Radiology. 2010;75(2):32-37.
39. Kao WK, Wu WC, Chen PH, Chiou YY. Duodenal variceal bleeding caused by chronic pancreatitis. Gastrointestinal Endoscopy. Volume. 2012;75(4):922-923.
40. Yoshimatsu R, Yamagami T, Tanaka O, Miura H, Hashiba M. Hemodynamic Changes after Balloon Occlusion of the Splenic Artery during Balloon-occluded Retrograde Transvenous Obliteration for Gastric Varices. J Vasc Interv Radio.2012:23(9):1207-12.
41. Terence K, Saher T, Sabri S, Ulku C, Wael EA, Angle J. Obliteration of Bleeding Peristomal Varices With Balloon-Occluded Retrograde Transvenous Obliteration Using Sodium Tetradecyl Sulfate Foam. J Vasc Interv Radio. 2011;22(7):1049-1051.
42. Vivek A Saraswat, Abhai Verma. Gluing Gastric Varices in 2012: Lessons Learnt Over 25 Years. J Clin Exp Hepatol. 2012;2(1):55-69.
43. Kiyosue H, Tanoue S, Kondo Y, Maruno M, Takaji R, Matsuoto S, Ueda S, et al. Balloon-Occluded Retrograde Transvenous
2. Pappas TN. Estómago y duodeno. Chapter 30. In: Textbook of Surgery. 15th ed. David C. Sabiston Jr. 2000. Pp. 907-971.
3. Turnage RH. Sangramiento digestivo agudo. Scientific principles and practical.Greenfield. Nyhus Surgery. 1999:50.
4. Marco JL, Boscá B, Real M, San Martin MD, Valls MD, Guerrero MD, et al. Ingresos por sangramientos digestivos altos por antinflamatorios no esteroideos. Seguimiento Farmacoterapéutico. 2004;2(4):217–227. http://www.cipf-es.org/sft/vol-02/abs217-227.htm [consulta: 8 julio 2012].
5. Martínez Rey, González Quintela C, Domínguez Santalla A, Fernández Castroagudín MJ, Lorenzo Zúñiga J. Patología digestiva alta en pacientes de edad avanzada con anemia ferropénica: comparación entre usuarios y no usuarios de anti-inflamatorios no esteroideos. An Med Interna. 2001;18(7):17-20. http://search.scielo.org:80/index.php?detail=1&q=id:art-S0212-71992001000700003 [consulta: 8 julio 2012].
6. Acosta Hernández R, Castell Pérez C, Hernández Duarte MJ, Pernas González A. Comorbilidad y mortalidad en una cohorte de pacientes cubanos con artritis reumatoide. Rev cubana med. 2009;48(2):0-0. http://search.scielo.org:80/index.php?detail=1&q=id:art-S0034-75232009000200004 [consulta: 14 julio 2012].
7. Imbembo A. L. Diverticulosis del colon. Sabiston. 2000;32:1052–1063.
8. Chung DC, Rustgi AK. The hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer syndrome: genetics and clinical implications. Ann Intern Med. 2003;138(7):560-70.
9. American Joint Committee on Cancer. Colon and rectum. Philadelphia: Lippincott–Raven, 2002:113.
10. Compton CC, Fielding LP, Burgart LJ, Conley B, Cooper HS, Hamilton SR, et al. Prognostic factors in colorectal cancer. College of American Pathologists Consensus Statement 1999. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2000;124(7):979-94.
11. Acosta A, Karatanasopuloz Pintos, Haydar C, Levy G, Martín C, Paiz M. Fístula aortoentérica como causa de hemorragia digestiva en tres pacientes adultos. Med. Intensiva. 2006;30(3):120-122. http://search.scielo.org:80/index.php?detail=1&q=id:art-S0210-56912006000300007 [consulta: 8 julio 2012].
12. Ruiz Lobo EJ, Vargas Rubio R, Hani AC, Alvarado Bestene J, Rodríguez Varón A, Suárez Quintero Y, et al. Tumor de intestino delgado. Rev Col Gastroenterol. 2009;24(2):180-186.
13. Arredondo Bruce A, Amores Carraté J, Águila Arostegui DL, Guerrero Jiménez G, Fuster Espín M. Anemia refractaria por leiomiosarcoma de intestino delgado. Reporte de un caso. AMC. 2008;12(3): 0-0.
14. Montero I, Martínez LF, González S, Moreno H, Carrillo S, Martínez Y. Malformación venosa de íleon terminal. Rev. cuba. pediatr. 2006;78(4).
15. Abreu M, Vilar E, Arús ER, Mejia J, Martínez Y, Yasells A. Trends in digestive cancer mortality, Cuba 1987–2008. Eur J Public Health. ckr210 2013 Feb;23(1):164-70.
16. Cruz A, Anaya JL, Pampín LE, Pérez D, Lopategui I. Mortalidad por sangrado digestivo alto en el Hospital “Enrique Cabrera”. Rev Cubana Cir. 2008;47(4).
17. Rodríguez Fernández Z, Casamayor Callejas E, Goderich Lalán JM. Caracterización de los pacientes hospitalizados por sangrado digestivo alto. MEDISAN. 2001;15(1):58-66.
18. Almeida Varela R, et al. Comportamiento de la hemorragia digestiva alta en el Hospital Universitario «Calixto García». Rev Cubana Cir. 2001;50(1)
19. Nyhus. Tratamiento endoscópico en el manejo de las varices esofágicas: escleroterapia inyectada y ligadura de las várices. 2000;121.
20. Waxman I, Shami VM. Endoscopic treatment of early gastroesophageal malignancy. Curr Opin Gastroenterol. 2002;18(5):587-94.
21. Savides TJ, Jensen DM, Cohen J,Randall GM, Kovacs TO, Pelayo E, et al. Severe upper gastrointestinal tumor bleeding: endoscopic findings, treatment, and outcome. Endoscopy. 1996;28(2):244-8.
22. Lieberman DA, Weiss DG, Bond JH, Ahnen DJ, Garewal H, Chejfec G. Use of colonoscopy to screen asymptomatic adults for colorectal cancer. Veterans Affairs Cooperative Study Group 380. N Engl J Med. 2000;343(3):162-8.
23. Winawer S, Fletcher R, Rex D, Bond J, Burt R, Ferrucci J, et al. Colorectal cancer screening and surveillance: clinical guidelines and rationale-updated based new evidence. Gastroenterology. 2003;124(2):544-60.
24. Selby JV, Freidman GD, Quesenberry CP Jr, Weiss NS. A case control study of screening sigmoidoscopy and mortality for colorectal cancer. N Engl J Med. 1992;326(10):653-7.
25. J.C. Endoscopic et pronostic de I ́ hemorragie der tractus digestive superieur. Instituto Superior de Ciencias Médicas de la Habana. 2002.
26. Nelson. Digestive Endoscopy. 2005;17:275-285.
27. Riccini ME, Shah SK, Tringali A, et. al. Digestive Endoscopy. 2004;16:14-21.
28. Soriano Álvarez C. Sangramiento en el trato digestivo. Acta médica peruana. 2006;23(3) :136
29. Hernández HR. Manual de endoscopia digestiva superior diagnóstica. La Habana: Ciencias Médicas; 2008. http://www.bvs.sld.cu/libros/manual_endoscopia/indice_p.htm [consulta: 6 julio 2012].
30. Carbonell N. Digestive Endoscopy. 2005;17:203.6. www.enlared.com.ar/template.php?pagina=./Articulos/V_9/HemorragiaDigestivaAlta.html. [consulta: 8 julio 2012].
31. Palomino Besada AB, Súarez Conejera AM, Brunate Pozo M. Escleroterapia endoscópica en el sangramiento digestivo alto de origen no variceal. Rev Cub Med Mil. 2007:36-2 http://search.scielo.org:80/index.php?detail=1&q=id:art-S0138-65572007000200002 [consulta: 6 julio 2012].
32. Galiano de Sánchez MT, Sánchez Arciniegas F, Pineda Ovalle LF. Experiencia clínica del uso de la videocápsula endoscópica en el diagnóstico de patología del intestino delgado. Rev Col Gastroenterol. 2009;24(1):17-25
33. Mitsunobu Matsushita, Kazushige Uchida, Yoshiya Tahashi, Kazuichi Okazaki. Endoscopic band ligation for cardiac variceal bleeding: safe or fatal?. Gastrointestinal Endoscopy. 2008;67(1):189-190.
34. Casamayor Callejas E, Rodríguez Fernández Z, Goderich Lalán JM. Sangrado digestivo alto: consideraciones actuales acerca de su diagnóstico y tratamiento. Medisan. 2010;14(5).
35. Naotaka H, Tomohiko A, Daisuke Y, Nao K, Kozo K, Hideo U, et al. The efficacy of balloon-occluded retrograde transvenous obliteration on small intestinal variceal bleeding. Surgery. 2010;148(1):145-150.
36. Isaksson B, Jeppsson B, Bengtsson F, Hannesson P, Herlin P, Bengmark S. Mesocaval shunt or repeated sclerotherapy: Effects on rebleeding and encephalopathy — A randomized trial Surgery. 2005;117(5):498-504
37. Nobuo Waguri, Masahiro Hayashi, Takeshi Yokoo, Rie Sato, Yoshihisa Arao, Toru Setsu, et al. Simultaneous Combined Balloon-occluded Retrograde Transvenous Obliteration and Partial Splenic Embolization for Portosystemic Shunts. Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology. 2005;23(5):650-657.
38. Maruyama H, Okugawa H, Kobayashi S, Yoshizumi H, Yokosuka O. Pre-treatment hemodynamic features involved with long-term survival of cirrhotic patients after embolization of gastric fundal varices. European Journal of Radiology. 2010;75(2):32-37.
39. Kao WK, Wu WC, Chen PH, Chiou YY. Duodenal variceal bleeding caused by chronic pancreatitis. Gastrointestinal Endoscopy. Volume. 2012;75(4):922-923.
40. Yoshimatsu R, Yamagami T, Tanaka O, Miura H, Hashiba M. Hemodynamic Changes after Balloon Occlusion of the Splenic Artery during Balloon-occluded Retrograde Transvenous Obliteration for Gastric Varices. J Vasc Interv Radio.2012:23(9):1207-12.
41. Terence K, Saher T, Sabri S, Ulku C, Wael EA, Angle J. Obliteration of Bleeding Peristomal Varices With Balloon-Occluded Retrograde Transvenous Obliteration Using Sodium Tetradecyl Sulfate Foam. J Vasc Interv Radio. 2011;22(7):1049-1051.
42. Vivek A Saraswat, Abhai Verma. Gluing Gastric Varices in 2012: Lessons Learnt Over 25 Years. J Clin Exp Hepatol. 2012;2(1):55-69.
43. Kiyosue H, Tanoue S, Kondo Y, Maruno M, Takaji R, Matsuoto S, Ueda S, et al. Balloon-Occluded Retrograde Transvenous
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