Anemia in pregnancy, a health problem can prevented

Abstract

Introduction: anemia is the most common nutritional disorder in the world, and because during pregnancy there is a great demand for  iron,  constitutes  a  signifcant  risk of developing  iron defciency  anemia. Anemia  is  the most  commonly diagnosed blood disorder during pregnancy, so  that all pregnant women are at  risk  for anemia  in pregnancy, being more  frequent  in developing countries.  It  is referred to as a secondary dilutional process to increase in plasma volume that occurs during pregnancy. Clinical studies showed that anemia in pregnancy is associated with complications in the mother, fetus and newborn, relating to increased fetal and perinatal morbidity and mortality, hence the importance of proper prenatal supplementation with iron needed to provide increasing demands on this woman. Objective: understand the pathophysiology and establish the criteria for diagnosis and treatment of any complications of anemia in pregnant women, and there is evidence of the importance of their treatment during the prenatal control. Methodology: a  literature  search  in  the  electronic databases PubMed, Ovid, Elsevier,  Interscience, EBSCO,  Scopus,  SciELO was performed. Results: case series or descriptive reviewed, all that showed a statistically signifcant number of patients. Conclusions: anemia in pregnancy is a common syndrome that with proper prenatal care can be prevented, diagnosed and treated before complications show. It is necessary to increase the coverage of prenatal care for all pregnant, and is mandatory for health professionals to make appropriate control and optimal prescription of prophylactic iron in this population group. (MÉD.UIS. 2013;26(3):45-50)