Keywords
Reaction time
Inhibition (Psychology)
Psychological signal detection
Inhibition (Psychology)
Psychological signal detection
How to Cite
Introzzi, I., Richard’s, M. M., Canet-Judic, L., & Comesaña, A. (2014). El paradigma stop signal como medida de inhibición conductual. Médicas UIS, 27(3), 89–98. Retrieved from https://revistas.uis.edu.co/index.php/revistamedicasuis/article/view/4888
Abstract
The Stop Signal Paradigm is one of the most used procedures for measuring the inhibitory control. Their widespread diffusion is due to two reasons: its extensive application in the field of clinical neuropsychology and because it provides an index-braking time-that is not accessible with other paradigms or procedures. This index is defined as the time required for inhibiting a dominant response. The method used to calculate this measure is based on a classical model of inhibition: the “Horse Race Model”. However, their diffusion is limited in our environment because the available literature in Spanish is poor due to the complexity of mathematical analysis involved. Therefore, the aim of this work is to carry out a review of this method and present some of its applications in the field of clinical neuropsychology and psychopathology, such as working with patients with obsessive compulsive disorder, addictions, and attention disorder, among others. MÉD.UIS. 2014;27(3):89-9
References
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2. Nigg JT. On inhibition/desinhibition in developmental psychopathology: views from cognitive and personality psychology and a working inhibition taxonomy. Psychol Bull. 2000;126(2):220-46.
3. Borella E, Carretti B, Cornoldi C, De Beni R. Working memory, control of interference and everyday experience of thought interference: when age makes the difference. Aging Clin Exp Res. 2007;19(3):200-6.
4. Friedman NP, Miyake A. The relations among inhibition and interference control functions: a latent-variable analysis. J Exp Psychol Gen. 2004;133(1):101-35.
5. Hamilton AC, Martin RC. Dissociations among tasks involving inhibition: a single case of study. Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci. 2005;5(1):1-13.
6. Hasher L, Lustig C, Zacks RT. Inhibitory mechanisms and the control of attention. In: Conway A, Jarrold C, Kane M, Miyake A, Towse J, editores. Variation in Working Memory. New York: Oxford University Press; 2007.
7. Hasher L, Tonev ST, Lustig C, Zacks R. Inhibitory control, environmental support, and self initiated processing in aging. In: Naveh-Benjamin M, Moscovitch M, Roediger RL, Editores. Perspectives on Human Memory and Cognitive Aging: Essays in Honour of Fergus Craik. East Sussex, UK: Psychology Press; 2001.p. 286-97.
8. Miyake A, Friedman NP, Emerson MJ, Witzki AH, Howerter A, Wager TD. The unity and diversity of executive functions and their contributions to complex ‘‘Frontal Lobe’’ tasks: a latent variable analysis. Cogn Psychol. 2000;41(1):49-100.
9. Andres P. Frontal cortex as the central executive of working memory: time to revise our view. Cortex. 2003;39(4-5):871-95.
10. Aron AR. The neural basis of inhibition in cognitive control. Neuroscientist. 2007;13(3):214-28.
11. Logan GD. Executive control of thought and action. Acta Psychol. 1985;60(2-3):193-210.
12. Stuphorn V, Schall JD. Executive control of countermanding saccades by the supplementary eye field. Nat Neurosci. 2006;9(7):925-31.
13. Verbruggen F, Logan GD. Response inhibition in the stop-signal paradigm. Trends Cogn Sci, 2008;12(11):418-24.
14. Logan GD, Cowan WB. On the ability to inhibit thought and action: a theory of an act of control. Psychol Rev. 1984;91(3): 295–327.
15. Logan GD, Cowan WB, Davis KA. On the ability to inhibit simple and choice reaction time responses: a model and a method. J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform. 1984;10(2):276-91.
16. Conners CK. The computerized continuous performance test. Psychopharmacol Bull. 1985;21: 891-2.
17. Bedard AC, Nichols S, Barbosa JA, Schachar R, Logan GD, Tannock R. The development of selective inhibitory control across the life span. Dev Neuropsychol. 2002;21(1):93–111.
18. Verbruggen F, Logan GD, Stevens MA. STOP-IT: Windows executable software for the stop-signal paradigm. Behav Res Methods. 2008;40(2):479-83.
19. Lappin JS, Eriksen CW. Use of delayed signal to stop a visual reaction-time response. J Exp Psychol. 1966;72(6):805-11.
20. H Logan GD, Schachar RJ, Tannock R. Impulsivity and inhibitory control. Clin Psychol Sci Pract. 1997;8(1):60–4.
21. Colzato LS, Ruiz MJ, Van Den Wildenberg WP, Bajo MT, Hommel B. Long-term effects of chronic Khat use: impaired inhibitory control. Front Psychol. 2010;1:219.
22. Van den Wildenberg WP, Van Boxtel GJ, Van der Molen MW. The duration of response inhibition in the stop-signal paradigm varies with response force. Acta Psychol (Amst). 2003;114(2):115-29.
23. Logan GD. Attention, automaticity, and the ability to stop a speeded choice response. In: Long J, Baddeley AD editors. Attention and Performance IX . Hillsdale, NY: Erlbaurn; 1981. p. 205-22.
24. Band GP, van der Molen MW, Logan GD. Horse-race model simulations of the stop-signal procedure. Acta Psychol (Amst). 2003;112(2):105-42.
25. Logan GD. On the ability to inhibit thought and action: a user’s guide to the stop signal paradigm. In: Dagenbach D, Carr Th editors. Inhibitory Processes in Attention, Memory and Language. San Diego: Academic; 1994. p. 189-239.
26. Verbruggen F, Logan GD. Models of response inhibition in the stop-signal and stop-change paradigms. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2009;33(5):647-61.
27. Osman A, Kornblum S, Meyer, DE. The point of no return in choice reaction time: controlled and ballistic stages of response preparation. J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform. 1986;12(3):243-58.
28. Osman A, Kornblum S, Meyer DE. Does motor programming necessitate response execution?. J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform. 1990;16(1):183-98.
29. Schachar R, Logan GD. Impulsivity and inhibitory control in normal development and childhood psychopathology. Dev Psychobiol. 1990;26(5):710-20.
30. Schachar R, Tannock R, Marriott M, Logan G. Deficient inhibitory control in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. J Abnorm Child Psychol. 1995;23(4):411-37.
31. Aron AR, Poldrack RA. Cortical and subcortical contributions to stop signal response inhibition: role of the subthalamic nucleus. J Neurosci. 2006;26(9):2424-33.
32. Verbruggen F, Liefooghe B, Vandierendonck A. The interaction between stop signal inhibition and distractor interference in the flanker and Stroop task. Acta Psychol (Amst). 2004;116(1):21–37.
33. Verbruggen F, De Houwer J. Do emotional stimuli interfere with response inhibition? Evidence from the stop signal paradigm. Cogn Emot. 2007;21(2):391-403.
34. Williams BR, Ponesse JS, Schachar RJ, Logan GD, Tannock R. Development of inhibitory control across the life span. Dev Psychol. 1999;35(1):205-13.
35. Boucher L, Palmeri TJ, Logan GD, Schall JD. Inhibitory control in mind and brain: an interactive race model of countermanding saccades. Psychol Rev. 2007;114(2):376-97.
36. Fillmore MT, Rush CR. Impaired inhibitory control of behavior in chronic cocaine users. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2002;66(3):265-73.
37. Mirabella G, Pani P, Paré M, Ferraina S. Inhibitory control of reaching movements in humans. Exp Brain Res. 2006;174(2):240-55.
38. H Morein-Zamir S, Kingstone A. Fixation offset and stop signal intensity effects on saccadic countermanding: a crossmodal investigation. Exp Brain Res. 2006;175(3):453-62.
39. Blaye A, Chevalier N, Paour JL. The development of intentional control of categorization behaviour: a study of children ́s relational flexibility. Cognition, Brian, Behavior. 2007;11(4):791-808.
40. Robert C, Borella E, Fagot D, Lecerf T, Ribaupierre A. Working memory and inhibitory control across the life span: Intrusion errors in the reading span test. Mem Cognit. 2009;37(3):336-45.
41. Davidson MC, Amso D, Anderson LC, Diamond A. Development of cognitive control and executive functions from 4 to 13 years: Evidence from manipulations of memory, inhibition, and task switching. Neuropsychologia. 2006;44(11):2037-2078.
42. Becker MG, Isaac W, Hynd GW. Neuropsychological development of nonverbal behaviors attributed to ‘‘frontal lobe’’ functioning. Dev Neuropsychol. 1987;3(3-4):275-298.
43. Lijffijt M. Kenemans JL, Verbaten MN, van Engeland H. A meta-analytic review of stopping performance in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: deficient inhibitory motor control? J Abnorm Psychol. 2005;114(2):216-22.
44. Schachar RJ, Crosbie J, Barr CL, Ornstein TJ, Kennedy J, Malone M, et al. Inhibition of motor responses in siblings concordant and discordant for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Am J Psychiatry. 2005;162(6):1076-82.
45. Aron AR, Poldrack RA. The cognitive neuroscience of response inhibition: relevance for genetic research in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Biol Psychiatry. 2005;57(11):1285-92.
46. Chamberlain, S.R. et al. Motor inhibition and cognitive flexibility in obsessive-compulsive disorder and trichotillomania. Am. J. Psychiatry, 2006, 163:1282–1284
47. Goudriaan, A.E. et al. Neurocognitive functions in pathological gambling: a comparison with alcohol dependence. Tourette syndrome and normal controls. Addiction,2006, 101: 534–547
48. Woolley, J. et al. Brain activation in pediatric obsessive compulsive disorder during tasks of inhibitory control. Br. J. Psychiatry, 2008, 192: 25–31
49. Fillmore, M.T. and Rush, C.R. Impaired inhibitory control of behavior in chronic cocaine users. Drug Alcohol Depend, 2002, 66: 265– 273
50. Monterosso, J.R. et al. Deficits in response inhibition associated with chronic methamphetamine abuse. Drug Alcohol Depend, 2005, 79: 273– 277
51. Nigg, J.T. et al. Poor response inhibition as a predictor of problem drinking and illicit drug use in adolescents at risk for alcoholism and other substance use disorders. J. Am. Acad. Child Adolesc. Psychiatry, 2006, 45: 468–475.
52. Luria, A. R., Tsvetkova, L. S. La resolución de problemas y sus trastornos. Barcelona: Fontanella; 1981.
53. Dempster, F. N. Interference and inhibition in cognition: An historical perspective. En F.N. Dempster y C.J. Brainerd (Eds.), Interference and inhibition in cognition. San Diego: Academic Press, 1995. p. 3-26.
54. Hasher, L., Zacks, R. T.,May, C. P. Inhibitory control, circadian arousal, and age. En D.Gopher y A. Koriat editores. Attention and Performance, XVII. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press; 1999. p. 653-675.
2. Nigg JT. On inhibition/desinhibition in developmental psychopathology: views from cognitive and personality psychology and a working inhibition taxonomy. Psychol Bull. 2000;126(2):220-46.
3. Borella E, Carretti B, Cornoldi C, De Beni R. Working memory, control of interference and everyday experience of thought interference: when age makes the difference. Aging Clin Exp Res. 2007;19(3):200-6.
4. Friedman NP, Miyake A. The relations among inhibition and interference control functions: a latent-variable analysis. J Exp Psychol Gen. 2004;133(1):101-35.
5. Hamilton AC, Martin RC. Dissociations among tasks involving inhibition: a single case of study. Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci. 2005;5(1):1-13.
6. Hasher L, Lustig C, Zacks RT. Inhibitory mechanisms and the control of attention. In: Conway A, Jarrold C, Kane M, Miyake A, Towse J, editores. Variation in Working Memory. New York: Oxford University Press; 2007.
7. Hasher L, Tonev ST, Lustig C, Zacks R. Inhibitory control, environmental support, and self initiated processing in aging. In: Naveh-Benjamin M, Moscovitch M, Roediger RL, Editores. Perspectives on Human Memory and Cognitive Aging: Essays in Honour of Fergus Craik. East Sussex, UK: Psychology Press; 2001.p. 286-97.
8. Miyake A, Friedman NP, Emerson MJ, Witzki AH, Howerter A, Wager TD. The unity and diversity of executive functions and their contributions to complex ‘‘Frontal Lobe’’ tasks: a latent variable analysis. Cogn Psychol. 2000;41(1):49-100.
9. Andres P. Frontal cortex as the central executive of working memory: time to revise our view. Cortex. 2003;39(4-5):871-95.
10. Aron AR. The neural basis of inhibition in cognitive control. Neuroscientist. 2007;13(3):214-28.
11. Logan GD. Executive control of thought and action. Acta Psychol. 1985;60(2-3):193-210.
12. Stuphorn V, Schall JD. Executive control of countermanding saccades by the supplementary eye field. Nat Neurosci. 2006;9(7):925-31.
13. Verbruggen F, Logan GD. Response inhibition in the stop-signal paradigm. Trends Cogn Sci, 2008;12(11):418-24.
14. Logan GD, Cowan WB. On the ability to inhibit thought and action: a theory of an act of control. Psychol Rev. 1984;91(3): 295–327.
15. Logan GD, Cowan WB, Davis KA. On the ability to inhibit simple and choice reaction time responses: a model and a method. J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform. 1984;10(2):276-91.
16. Conners CK. The computerized continuous performance test. Psychopharmacol Bull. 1985;21: 891-2.
17. Bedard AC, Nichols S, Barbosa JA, Schachar R, Logan GD, Tannock R. The development of selective inhibitory control across the life span. Dev Neuropsychol. 2002;21(1):93–111.
18. Verbruggen F, Logan GD, Stevens MA. STOP-IT: Windows executable software for the stop-signal paradigm. Behav Res Methods. 2008;40(2):479-83.
19. Lappin JS, Eriksen CW. Use of delayed signal to stop a visual reaction-time response. J Exp Psychol. 1966;72(6):805-11.
20. H Logan GD, Schachar RJ, Tannock R. Impulsivity and inhibitory control. Clin Psychol Sci Pract. 1997;8(1):60–4.
21. Colzato LS, Ruiz MJ, Van Den Wildenberg WP, Bajo MT, Hommel B. Long-term effects of chronic Khat use: impaired inhibitory control. Front Psychol. 2010;1:219.
22. Van den Wildenberg WP, Van Boxtel GJ, Van der Molen MW. The duration of response inhibition in the stop-signal paradigm varies with response force. Acta Psychol (Amst). 2003;114(2):115-29.
23. Logan GD. Attention, automaticity, and the ability to stop a speeded choice response. In: Long J, Baddeley AD editors. Attention and Performance IX . Hillsdale, NY: Erlbaurn; 1981. p. 205-22.
24. Band GP, van der Molen MW, Logan GD. Horse-race model simulations of the stop-signal procedure. Acta Psychol (Amst). 2003;112(2):105-42.
25. Logan GD. On the ability to inhibit thought and action: a user’s guide to the stop signal paradigm. In: Dagenbach D, Carr Th editors. Inhibitory Processes in Attention, Memory and Language. San Diego: Academic; 1994. p. 189-239.
26. Verbruggen F, Logan GD. Models of response inhibition in the stop-signal and stop-change paradigms. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2009;33(5):647-61.
27. Osman A, Kornblum S, Meyer, DE. The point of no return in choice reaction time: controlled and ballistic stages of response preparation. J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform. 1986;12(3):243-58.
28. Osman A, Kornblum S, Meyer DE. Does motor programming necessitate response execution?. J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform. 1990;16(1):183-98.
29. Schachar R, Logan GD. Impulsivity and inhibitory control in normal development and childhood psychopathology. Dev Psychobiol. 1990;26(5):710-20.
30. Schachar R, Tannock R, Marriott M, Logan G. Deficient inhibitory control in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. J Abnorm Child Psychol. 1995;23(4):411-37.
31. Aron AR, Poldrack RA. Cortical and subcortical contributions to stop signal response inhibition: role of the subthalamic nucleus. J Neurosci. 2006;26(9):2424-33.
32. Verbruggen F, Liefooghe B, Vandierendonck A. The interaction between stop signal inhibition and distractor interference in the flanker and Stroop task. Acta Psychol (Amst). 2004;116(1):21–37.
33. Verbruggen F, De Houwer J. Do emotional stimuli interfere with response inhibition? Evidence from the stop signal paradigm. Cogn Emot. 2007;21(2):391-403.
34. Williams BR, Ponesse JS, Schachar RJ, Logan GD, Tannock R. Development of inhibitory control across the life span. Dev Psychol. 1999;35(1):205-13.
35. Boucher L, Palmeri TJ, Logan GD, Schall JD. Inhibitory control in mind and brain: an interactive race model of countermanding saccades. Psychol Rev. 2007;114(2):376-97.
36. Fillmore MT, Rush CR. Impaired inhibitory control of behavior in chronic cocaine users. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2002;66(3):265-73.
37. Mirabella G, Pani P, Paré M, Ferraina S. Inhibitory control of reaching movements in humans. Exp Brain Res. 2006;174(2):240-55.
38. H Morein-Zamir S, Kingstone A. Fixation offset and stop signal intensity effects on saccadic countermanding: a crossmodal investigation. Exp Brain Res. 2006;175(3):453-62.
39. Blaye A, Chevalier N, Paour JL. The development of intentional control of categorization behaviour: a study of children ́s relational flexibility. Cognition, Brian, Behavior. 2007;11(4):791-808.
40. Robert C, Borella E, Fagot D, Lecerf T, Ribaupierre A. Working memory and inhibitory control across the life span: Intrusion errors in the reading span test. Mem Cognit. 2009;37(3):336-45.
41. Davidson MC, Amso D, Anderson LC, Diamond A. Development of cognitive control and executive functions from 4 to 13 years: Evidence from manipulations of memory, inhibition, and task switching. Neuropsychologia. 2006;44(11):2037-2078.
42. Becker MG, Isaac W, Hynd GW. Neuropsychological development of nonverbal behaviors attributed to ‘‘frontal lobe’’ functioning. Dev Neuropsychol. 1987;3(3-4):275-298.
43. Lijffijt M. Kenemans JL, Verbaten MN, van Engeland H. A meta-analytic review of stopping performance in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: deficient inhibitory motor control? J Abnorm Psychol. 2005;114(2):216-22.
44. Schachar RJ, Crosbie J, Barr CL, Ornstein TJ, Kennedy J, Malone M, et al. Inhibition of motor responses in siblings concordant and discordant for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Am J Psychiatry. 2005;162(6):1076-82.
45. Aron AR, Poldrack RA. The cognitive neuroscience of response inhibition: relevance for genetic research in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Biol Psychiatry. 2005;57(11):1285-92.
46. Chamberlain, S.R. et al. Motor inhibition and cognitive flexibility in obsessive-compulsive disorder and trichotillomania. Am. J. Psychiatry, 2006, 163:1282–1284
47. Goudriaan, A.E. et al. Neurocognitive functions in pathological gambling: a comparison with alcohol dependence. Tourette syndrome and normal controls. Addiction,2006, 101: 534–547
48. Woolley, J. et al. Brain activation in pediatric obsessive compulsive disorder during tasks of inhibitory control. Br. J. Psychiatry, 2008, 192: 25–31
49. Fillmore, M.T. and Rush, C.R. Impaired inhibitory control of behavior in chronic cocaine users. Drug Alcohol Depend, 2002, 66: 265– 273
50. Monterosso, J.R. et al. Deficits in response inhibition associated with chronic methamphetamine abuse. Drug Alcohol Depend, 2005, 79: 273– 277
51. Nigg, J.T. et al. Poor response inhibition as a predictor of problem drinking and illicit drug use in adolescents at risk for alcoholism and other substance use disorders. J. Am. Acad. Child Adolesc. Psychiatry, 2006, 45: 468–475.
52. Luria, A. R., Tsvetkova, L. S. La resolución de problemas y sus trastornos. Barcelona: Fontanella; 1981.
53. Dempster, F. N. Interference and inhibition in cognition: An historical perspective. En F.N. Dempster y C.J. Brainerd (Eds.), Interference and inhibition in cognition. San Diego: Academic Press, 1995. p. 3-26.
54. Hasher, L., Zacks, R. T.,May, C. P. Inhibitory control, circadian arousal, and age. En D.Gopher y A. Koriat editores. Attention and Performance, XVII. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press; 1999. p. 653-675.
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