Abstract
ABSTRACT
The Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome involves a complex series of events leading to alveolar damage, pulmonary edema due to increased vascular permeability and respiratory failure; many processes are related to its appearance, the common feature is the activation of neutrophils in the pulmonary or systemic circulation. Clinical manifestations usually appear 6 to 72 hours after the event start the event and get worse quickly. The treatment is based on an interdisciplinary handling by the staff of the intensive care unit, making an early ecognition of patients ruling out other causes of hypoxemia, identifying and treating the underlying cause, and using mechanical ventilation to ensure proper oxygenation and ventilation, always trying to protect the lungs from mechanical ventilation induced lung injury. Prone position ventilation promotes increased oxygenation in patients with this syndrome, the mechanisms that cause this increase are probably multiple and interdependent and have not been fully elucidated. It is a low-cost procedure, recommended in patient in serious category, and preferably in early stage of the disease. Future studies are needed that can establish the real impact on mortality to assess their systematic use in all patients with Acute Respiratory Distiess Syndrome. MÉD.UIS. 2016;29(2):81-101.
Keywords: Respiratory Distress Syndrome. Prone Position. Posture. Patient positioning. Pulmonary Ventilation. Acute Lung Injury. Oxygen Inhalation Therapy.
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