Palabras clave
tiempo de pantalla
desarrollo infantil
trastornos del neurodesarrollo
desarrollo del lenguaje
trastornos del sueño
Cómo citar
Resumen
Desde la década de los 90 debido al aumento en el consumo de material audiovisual y particularmente desde el inicio del confinamiento por la pandemia de COVID-19, la humanidad ha estado más expuesta al uso de pantallas, siendo los niños una población vulnerable al estímulo ambiental debido a que están atravesando períodos críticos importantes en su desarrollo. Se realizó una búsqueda de la literatura en PubMed, Google Scholar y Lilacs. Aplicando los criterios de exclusión e inclusión se obtuvieron 53 referencias de las cuales se desarrolló la revisión. Se encontró que la excesiva exposición a pantallas es perjudicial para los niños al producir alteraciones del lenguaje, la sociabilidad, ciclo sueño-vigilia, el sistema límbico, la conducta y el sistema mesolímbico dopaminérgico; los cuales pueden afectar su desarrollo normal, dependiendo principalmente de la edad al momento de la exposición, del tiempo y si hay acompañamiento o no.
Referencias
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