Factores fisiopatológicos y metas terapéuticas perioperatorias que influyen en procedimientos quirúrgicos reconstructivos mediante colgajos en pacientes con Diabetes Mellitus
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Hoyos-R, J. D., Jaimes-O, S., Alvear, J. D., Toloza C, N. A., Vásquez-F, D. M., Velandia-G, J. N., & Velasco-V, A. C. (2017). Factores fisiopatológicos y metas terapéuticas perioperatorias que influyen en procedimientos quirúrgicos reconstructivos mediante colgajos en pacientes con Diabetes Mellitus. Médicas UIS, 30(1), 35–43. https://doi.org/10.18273/revmed.v30n1-2017003

Resumen

La diabetes mellitus es considerada un factor de riesgo para complicaciones locales y fracaso quirúrgico en cirugías reconstructivas mediante el uso de colgajos debido a las alteraciones en el proceso de cicatrización propias de este patología. Objetivo:hacer una revisión de la literatura disponible sobre los factores fisiopatológicos que influyen en los resultados posquirúrgicos a corto, mediano y largo plazo en la población diabética, así como de las metas terapéuticas perioperatorias asociadas a mayores tasas de éxito. Metodología de Búsqueda: se realizó búsqueda en las bases de datos PUBMED, MEDLINE Y SCIELO, mediante el gestor de búsqueda utilizando los términos: “Period perioperative”, “Reconstructive surgical procedures”, “Surgical flaps”, “Diabetes mellitus”, obteniendo un total de 160 artículos de revistas en línea, de los cuales se seleccionaron 50. Resultados: la realización de colgajos en pacientes con diabetes mellitus se asocia a mayor riesgo de fracaso y complicaciones, las cuales disminuyen considerablemente si se realiza un estricto manejo perioperatorio enfocado en metas. Conclusiones: la diabetes mellitus causa alteraciones en la respuesta inflamatoria, disfunción microvascular y mayor estrés oxidativo, lo cual se ve reflejado en un proceso de cicatrizacion anormal, generando mayores tasas de infeccion y perdidas de colgajos; un estricto manejo peri operatorio guiado por metas logra disminuir las complicaciones y aumentar el exito quirurgico. MÉD.UIS. 2017;30(1):35-43.

https://doi.org/10.18273/revmed.v30n1-2017003
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