Abstract
Introduction: SARS Cov2 infection in children has a clinical evolution not as severe as in adults and therefore lower mortality. This infection can affect neonates and they can acquire the infection by horizontal transmission, with variable clinical manifestations. Although the neonate born to a mother positive for SARS-CoV 2 has been the one with the greatest focus of attention, other neonates can acquire the infection from positive cases at home, symptomatic or not. Case report: A 22-day-old, previously healthy newborn with systemic manifestations such as fever, mild respiratory symptoms and frequent liquid stools, without mucus or blood. No history of infections in the family. The treatment was symptomatic, with acetaminophen, intravenous fluids and with good evolution Laboratories were nonspecific, and the study for SARS Cov2 was realized due to the current pandemic. The report was positive and the family refused to carry out tests. Discussion: Neonatal SARS CoV2 infection has been associated with symptoms such as fever, mild respiratory and gastrointestinal symptoms, usually with a positive notion of contagion from symptomatic or asymptomatic people, that can be underestimated.. It is possible that the diagnosis in a neonate could be the alarm on asymptomatic adults. Currently, due to the reported cases and the SARS CoV2 pandemic, newborns with fever and other systemic symptoms should be tested in the neonatal period. On the other hand, perform a follow-up of affected newborns
References
2. Sisman J, Jaleel M, Moreno W, Rajaram V, Collins R, Savani R, et al. Transmisión intrauterina de la infección por SARS-COV-2 en un lactante premature. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2020; 39(9): e265-e267. doi: 10.1097/INF.0000000000002815
3. Vivanti AJ, Vauloup-fllous C, Prevot S, Zupan V, Suffee C, Do Cao J; et al. Transplacental transmission of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Nat Commun. 2020; 11(1): 1-7. doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-17436-6
4. Instituto nacional de salud. Ministerio de Salud Gobierno de el Salvador. https://www.salud.gob.sv/boletines-epidemiologicos-2018/?wpdmc=boletines-epidemiologicos-ano-2018.
5. Ovali, F.SARS-CoV-2 Infection and the Newborn. Front Pediatr. 2020; 8(1): 1-17. doi: 10.3389/fped.2020.00294
6. Baquero H, Vanegas ME, Velandia L, Neira F, Navarro E. Sepsis neonatal tardía por SARS CoV-2. Biomédica. 2020; 40(2): 1-6. doi: 10.7705/biomedica.5609
7. De rose DU, Piersigilli F, Ronchetti MP, Santisi A, Bersani I, Dotta A, et al.Novel Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in newborns and infants: what we know so far. Ital J Pediatr. 2020; 46(56): 1-8. doi: 10.1186/s13052-020-0820-x
8. Meslin P, Guiomard C, Choukria MP, Porcher J, Duquesne F, et al. Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Newborns and very young infants: a series of six patients in France. Pediatr Infect Dis. 2020; 39(7): e145-147. doi: 10.1097/INF.0000000000002743
9. Peng Z, Wang J, Mo Y, Duan W, Guangjun X, et al. Unlikely SARS-CoV-2 vertical transmission from mother to child: A case report. J Infect Public Health.2020; 13(5): 818-820. doi: 10.1016/j.jiph.2020.04.004
10. Zeng LK, Tao XW, Yuan WH, Wang J, Liu X, Liu ZS. First case of neonate infected with novel coronavirus pneumonia in China (abstract). Zhonghua Er Ke Za Zhi. 2020; 58(0): E009. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0578-1310.2020.0009
11. Zhang ZJ, Xue-Jie Y, Fu T, Yu L, Jiang Y, Xiang-Yang B, et al. Novel coronavirus infection in newborn babies under 28 days in China. Eur Resp J. 2020; 55(6): 1-11. doi: 10.1183/13993003.00697-2020
12. Aghdam MK, Jafari N, Eftekhari K. Novel coronavirus in a 15-day-old neonate with clinical signs of sepsis, a case report. Infectious Dis (Lond). 2020; 52(6): 427-429. doi: 10.1080/23744235.2020.1747634
13. Buonsenso D, Costa S, Sanguinetti MP, Cattani P, Posteraro B, Marchetti S, et al. Neonatal late onset infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus 2. Am J Perinatol. 2020; 37(8): 869-872. doi: 10.1055/s-0040-1710541
14. Patek P, Corcoran J, Adams L, Khandhar P. SARS-CoV-2 Infection in a 2-Week-Old Male With Neutropenia. Clin Pediatr. 2020; 59(9-10): 918-920. doi: 10.1177/0009922820920014
15. Coronado Munoz A, Nawaratne U, Mcmann D, Ellsworth M, Meliones J, Boukas K. Late-onset neonatal sepsis in a patient with Covid-19. N Engl J Med. 2020; 382(19): e49. doi: 10.1056/NEJMc2010614
16. Dumpa V, Kamity R, Vinci AN, Noyola E, Noor A. Neonatal Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) Infection: A case report and review of literature. Cureus. 2020; 12(5): e8165. doi: 10.1097/inf.0000000000002752
17. Wardell H, Campbell JI, Vanderpluym C, Dixit A. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection in febrile neonates. J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc. 2020; piaa084. doi: 10.1093 / jpids / piaa084
18. White AC, Mukherjee P, Stremming J, Sherlock LG, Reynolds RG, Smith D, et al. Neonates hospitalized with community-acquired SARS-CoV-2 in a Colorado neonatal Intensive Care Unit. Neonatology. 2020; 1-5. doi: 10.1159/000508962
19. González Brabin A, Iglesias bouzas MI, Nieto Moro M, Martínez de Azagra-Garde A, García Salido A. Apnea neonatal como manifestación inicial de infección por SARS-CoV-2. An Pediatr. 2020; 93(3): 1-2. doi: 10.1016/j.anpedi.2020.05.008
20. Reddy Kallem V, Sharma D, Nieto Moro M, Martínez de Azagra-Garde A, García Salido A. COVID 19 in neonates. J Matern-Fetal Neonatal Med. 2020: 1-10. doi: 10.1016/j.anpedi.2020.05.008
21. Kant Dhir S, Kumar J, Meena J, Kumar P. Clinical features and outcome of SARS-CoV-2 infection in neonates. J Trop Pediatr. 2020; fmaa059. doi: 10.1093/tropej/fmaa059
22. Zhang W, Hui du R, Li B, Shuang Zheng X, Lou yang X, Ben H, et al. Molecular and serological investigation of 2019-nCoV infected patients: implication of multiple shedding routes. Emerg Microbes Infect. 2020; 9(1): 386-389. doi: 10.1080/22221751.2020.1729071
23. Yamamoto L, Dos Santos EH, Santos Pinto L, Cisotto Rocha M, Aparecida Kanunfre K, et al. SARS-CoV-2 infections with emphasis on pediatric patients: a narrative review. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo. 2020; 62: 1-12. doi: 10.1590/s1678-9946202062065
24. Baruch Steinman J, Moon Lum F, Pui Kay Ho P, Kaminski N, Steinman L. Reduced development of COVID-19 in children reveals molecular checkpoints gating pathogenesis illuminating potential therapeutics. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2020; 117(40): 1-7. doi: 10.1073/pnas.2012358117
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Copyright (c) 2020 jorge alvarado