Palabras clave
Farmacéuticos
Educación Continua
Desarrollo Continuo
Farmacias
Cómo citar
Resumen
Objetivo: Describir los programas y las intervenciones educativas ofrecidas al personal farmacéutico para mejorar la prestación de los servicios asistenciales farmacéuticos, y los métodos utilizados para evaluar la efectividad de estos programas.
Métodos: Se realizó una revisión estructurada utilizando la base de datos PubMed/Medline entre de 2007 y 2019, sobre el desarrollo, la descripción, la evaluación del impacto, la efectividad o la comparación de una intervención educativa, un entrenamiento específico o un programa educativo dirigido al personal farmacéutico de farmacias comunitarias (ambulatorias) y/o hospitalarias.
Resultados: En total 1070 referencias bibliográficas fueron identificadas, además, se incluyeron 26 referencias identificadas por otras fuentes, y se seleccionaron 90 artículos para su revisión y análisis. Se encontró que el 70% (63) de los estudios fueron desarrollados en países desarrollados, principalmente en Estados Unidos, Australia, Canadá e Inglaterra. El 67% (60) de los estudios se realizaron a nivel ambulatorio, el 10% (9) a nivel hospitalario, y el 23% (21) en ambos contextos. Se encontró que las intervenciones fueron clasificadas en tres categorías: entrenamientos específicos (41%), programas de Educación Continua (43%) y de Desarrollo Profesional Continuo (16%). La metodología o métodos de suministro de la intervención más común fue la presencial en el 72% (65) de los estudios, seguido de metodologías apoyadas de herramientas virtuales en el 28% (25) y en el 11% (10) de los estudios combinaron métodos presenciales y virtuales. El tiempo de duración de las intervenciones educativas vario entre menos de 1 hora a 120 horas.
Conclusión: Se describen los programas y las intervenciones educativas ofrecidas al personal farmacéutico principalmente para mejorar sus competencias laborales y la prestación de los servicios asistenciales farmacéuticos, además de los métodos utilizados para evaluar la efectividad de las intervenciones educativas.
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Derechos de autor 2021 Javier Mauricio Ceballos-Rueda, Juliana Madrigal-Cadavid, Pedro Amariles