Artículos
Publicado 2020-11-05
Palabras clave
- adsorción,
- agua residual,
- área superficial,
- biocarbón,
- combustión de la biomasa
- contaminante persistente,
- desorción,
- economía circular,
- grupo funcional,
- materia prima,
- pH,
- porosidad,
- remoción,
- temperatura ...Más
Cómo citar
Présiga-López, D., Rubio-Clemente, A., & Pérez, J. F. (2020). Uso del biocarbón como material alternativo para el tratamiento de aguas residuales contaminadas. Revista UIS Ingenierías, 20(1), 121–134. https://doi.org/10.18273/revuin.v20n1-2021011
Derechos de autor 2020 Revista UIS Ingenierías
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-SinDerivadas 4.0.
Resumen
El biocarbón es el producto procedente de la descomposición de biomasa, cuyas características fisicoquímicas están asociadas al origen de ésta y al método de combustión utilizado. Entre estas propiedades, destacan el área superficial, la formación de macro y microporos, y la presencia de grupos funcionales. Debido a estas características, el biocarbón se convierte en un material alternativo con alta capacidad de adsorción de compuestos tóxicos presentes en las aguas residuales contaminadas. Este trabajo brinda información sobre los mecanismos de generación del biocarbón y cómo éstos interfieren en sus características fisicoquímicas. Asimismo, se describen los parámetros que intervienen en los procesos de remoción de contaminantes y se mencionan los tratamientos bajo los cuales el biocarbón se puede ver sometido para mejorar su capacidad de adsorción. Finalmente, se indican los posibles usos o la adecuada disposición final que debe tener el biocarbón en aras de contribuir a la estrategia de economía circular.
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Referencias
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[2] M. Espigares García, J. A. Pérez López, “Aguas residuales: El recurso desaprovechado”, Universidad de Granada. Servicio de publicaciones, España, 1990.
[3] R. J. Preston, J. A. Skare, M. J. Aardema, “A review of biomonitoring studies measuring genotoxicity in humans exposed to hair dyes”, Mutagenesis, vol. 25, no. 1, pp. 17-23, 2010, doi: 10.1093/mutage/gep044
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[5] R. Javaid, U. Y. Qazi, “Catalytic oxidation process for the degradation of synthetic dyes: An overview”, International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, vol. 16, no. 11, pp. 1-27, 2019, doi: 10.3390/ijerph16112066
[6] E. Pagalan, M. Sebron, S. Gomez, S. J. Salva, R. Ampusta, A. J. Macarayo, C. Joyno, A. Ido, R. Arazo, “Activated carbon from spent coffee grounds as an adsorbent for treatment of water contaminated by aniline yellow dye”, Industrial Crops and Products, vol. 145, no. June 2019, pp. 111953, 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2019.111953
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[10] A. Cortazar Martínez, C. A. González Ramírez, C. Coronel Olivares, J. A. Escalante Lozada, J. Castro Rosas, J. R. Villa, “Biotecnología aplicada a la degradación de colorantes de la industria textil. Biotechnology applied to the degradation of textile industry dyes”, Universidad y Ciencia, vol. 28, no. 2, pp. 187-199, 2012.
[11] L. F. Barrios-Ziolo, L. F. Gaviria-Restrepo, E. A. Agudelo, S. A. Cardona-Gallo, “Technologies for the removal of dyes and pigments present in wastewater. A review”, DYNA (Colombia), vol. 82, no. 191, pp. 118-126, 2015, doi: 10.15446/dyna.v82n191.42924
[12] M. Choudhary, R. Kumar, S. Neogi, “Activated biochar derived from Opuntia ficus-indica for the efficient adsorption of malachite green dye, Cu+2 and Ni+2 from water”, Journal of Hazardous Materials, vol. 392, pp. 12244-12249, 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122441
[13] O. Mašek, V. Budarin, M. Gronnow, K. Crombie, P. Brownsort, E. Fitzpatrick, P. Hurst, “Microwave and slow pyrolysis biochar - Comparison of physical and functional properties”, Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, vol. 100, pp. 41-48, 2013, doi: 10.1016/j.jaap.2012.11.015
[14] M. Ahmad, A. U. Rajapaksha, J. E. Lim, M. Zhang, N. Bolan, D. Mohan, L. Vithanage, Y. S. Ok, “Biochar as a sorbent for contaminant management in soil and water: A review”, Chemosphere, vol. 99, pp. 19-33, 2014, doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.10.071
[15] X. Tan, Y. Liu, G. Zeng, X. Wang, X. Hu, Y. Gu, y Z. Yang, “Application of biochar for the removal of pollutants from aqueous solutions”, Chemosphere, vol. 125, pp. 70-85, 2015, doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.12.058
[16] J. J. Manyà, M. Azuara, J. A. Manso, “Biochar production through slow pyrolysis of different biomass materials: Seeking the best operating conditions”, Biomass and Bioenergy, vol. 117, no. Agosto, pp. 115-123, 2018, doi: 10.1016/j.biombioe.2018.07.019
[17] A. Escalante, G. Pérez, C. Hidalgo, J. López, J. Campo, E. Valtierra, y J. Etchevers, “Biocarbón (biochar) I: Naturaleza, historia, fabricación y uso en el suelo Biocarbon (biochar) I: Nature, history, manufacture and use in soil”, Terra Latinoamericana, vol. 34, no. 3, pp. 367-382, 2016.
[18] J. Lehmann, “Bio-Energy in the Black”, Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, vol. 5, no. Septiembre, pp. 381-387, 2007, doi: 10.1890/1540-9295(2007)5[381:BITB]2.0.CO;2.
[19] P. Morseletto, “Targets for a circular economy”, Resources, Conservation and Recycling, vol. 153, pp. 53-59, 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.resconrec.2019.104553
[20] T. Sizmur, T. Fresno, G. Akgül, H. Frost, y E. Moreno-Jiménez, “Biochar modification to enhance sorption of inorganics from water”, Bioresource Technology, vol. 246, pp. 34-47, 2017, doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.07.082
[21] M. Inyang y E. Dickenson, “The potential role of biochar in the removal of organic and microbial contaminants from potable and reuse water: A review”, Chemosphere, vol. 134, pp. 232-240, 2015, doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.03.072
[22] J. He, V. Strezov, T. Kan, H. Weldekidan, R. Kumar, “Slow pyrolysis of metal (loid) rich biomass from phytoextraction: Characterisation of biomass, biochar and bio-oil”, Energy Procedia, vol. 160, no. 2018, pp. 178-185, 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.egypro.2019.02.134
[23] P. Campos, A. Z. Miller, H. Knicker, M. F. Costa-Pereira, A. Merino, J. M. De la Rosa, “Chemical, physical and morphological properties of biochars produced from agricultural residues: Implications for their use as soil amendment”, Waste Management, vol. 105, pp. 256-267, 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.wasman.2020.02.013
[24] W. K. Kim, T. Shim, Y. S. Kim, S. Hyun, C. Ryu, Y. K. Park, J. Jung, “Characterization of cadmium removal from aqueous solution by biochar produced from a giant Miscanthus at different pyrolytic temperatures”, Bioresource Technology, vol. 138, pp. 266-270, 2013, doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2013.03.186
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