Resumen
El Coronavirus del Síndrome Respiratorio Agudo Severo 2 es el agente causante de la actual pandemia por Coronavirus 2019 y su genoma ha adquirido mutaciones constantemente desde que fue descrito por primera vez a finales del 2019. El 30 de agosto, la Organización Mundial de la Salud denominó Mu (letra del alfabeto griego) a la variante de interés B.1.621, identificada por primera vez en Colombia, sumándose a lambda, otra variante de interés, y a cinco variantes de preocupación: Alfa, Beta, Gamma, Delta y Omicron. La variante Mu presenta cambios genómicos que afectan la transmisibilidad del virus, la gravedad de la enfermedad y la resistencia a las respuestas inmunitarias inducidas por vacunas, así como la evasión a los métodos de diagnóstico y la susceptibilidad a los medicamentos. Esta revisión describe los aspectos epidemiológicos e inmunológicos más importantes de la variante Mu: los principales mecanismos de evasión de la respuesta inmune; la variación en la eficiencia de las vacunas; y cómo algunas de las mutaciones específicas pueden ser responsables de estos fenómenos.
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Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.
Derechos de autor 2022 Brigitte Ofelia Peña-López, María Carolina Velasquez-Martínez, Bladimiro Rincón-Orozco