Resumo
Mientras la pandemia de COVID-19 continúa haciendo estragos, una nueva infección zoonótica, la viruela símica (Viruela del mono) tiene al mundo en alerta máxima. Hasta el 18 de agosto de 2022, cerca de 94 países de América, Europa, Norte de África, Oriente Medio y Australia habían confirmado casi 40.000 casos de esta enfermedad1. La viruela símica es un organismo cercano a la viruela humana. Esta plaga alcanzó una mortalidad del 30% y en 1980 la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) consideró erradicada esta enfermedad2. Una campaña mundial de vacunación masiva en los años 60 y 70 detuvo la transmisión; hoy en día, la viruela es el único patógeno humano que se ha declarado como erradicado, aunque todavía existen muestras en laboratorios de alta bioseguridad en Rusia y Estados Unidos3,4.
Referências
CDC. Monkeypox Outbreak Global Map | Monkeypox | Poxvirus [Internet]. 2022 [cited 2022 Aug 16]. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/poxvirus/monkeypox/response/2022/world-map.html
WHO. Monkeypox [Internet]. 2022 [cited 2022 Aug 16]. Available from: https://www.who.int/news-room/factsheets/detail/monkeypox
Belongia EA, Naleway AL. Smallpox Vaccine: The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly. Clin Med Res [Internet]. 2003 [cited 2022 Aug 16];1(2):87. Available from: doi: 10.3121/cmr.1.2.87.
Bhattacharjee Y. Discovery of untracked pathogen vials at army lab sparks concerns. Science (80- ) [Internet]. 2009 Jun 26 [cited 2022 Aug 16];324(5935):1626. Available from: doi: 10.1126/article.22868
Lane JM, Goldstein J. Evaluation of 21st-Century Risks of Smallpox Vaccination and Policy Options. Ann Intern Med [Internet]. 2003 Mar 18 [cited 2022 Aug 16];138(6):488–93. Available from: https://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-138-6-200303180-00014
Tarabina V. On complications in smallpox vaccination. Sov Med [Internet]. 1961 Dec [cited 2022 Aug 16];25:111–2. Available from: pmid: 13919627
Tetsekela Anyiam-Osigwe. The world’s last smallpox patient | Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance. VaccinesWork [Internet]. 2021 [cited 2022 Aug 16]; Available from: https://www.gavi.org/vaccineswork/how-covid-19-worldcan-learn-last-person-get-smallpox
Cohen J. Monkeypox is a new global threat. African scientists know what the world is up against | Science | AAAS. Science [Internet]. 2022 [cited 2022 Aug 16]; Available from: doi: 10.1126/ciencia.add2880
Andrea M. McCollum, Damon IK. Human Monkeypox. Clin Infect Dis [Internet]. 2009 Jan 1 [cited 2022 Aug 16];48(1):e6. Available from: doi: 10.1086/595552.
Magnus P von, Andersen EK, Petersen KB, Birch‐Andersen A. A POX-LIKE DISEASE IN CYNOMOLGUS MONKEYS. Acta Pathol Microbiol Scand. 1959 Sep 1;46(2):156–76.
Enserink M. U.S. Monkeypox Outbreak Traced to Wisconsin Pet Dealer. Science (80- ) [Internet]. 2003 Jun 13 [cited 2022 Aug 16];300(5626):1639–1639. Available from: doi: 10.1126/science.300.5626.1639a
Kindrachuk J, Arsenault R, Kusalik A, Kindrachuk KN, Trost B, Napper S, et al. Systems Kinomics Demonstrates Congo Basin Monkeypox Virus Infection Selectively Modulates Host Cell Signaling Responses as Compared to West African Monkeypox Virus. Mol Cell Proteomics [Internet]. 2012 Jun [cited 2022 Aug 16];11(6):1–12. Available from: doi: 10.1074/mcp.M111.015701
Kozlov M. Monkeypox in Africa: the science the world ignored. Nature [Internet]. 2022 Jul 7 [cited 2022 Aug 16]; Available from: doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-022-01686-z
Ogoina D, Izibewule JH, Ogunleye A, Ederiane E, Anebonam U, Neni A, et al. The 2017 human monkeypox outbreak in Nigeria—Report of outbreak experience and response in the Niger Delta University Teaching Hospital, Bayelsa State, Nigeria. PLoS One [Internet]. 2019 Apr 1 [cited 2022 Aug 16];14(4). Available from: doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0214229
WHO. Multi-country monkeypox outbreak: situation update [Internet]. 2022 [cited 2022 Aug 16]. Available from: https://www.who.int/emergencies/disease-outbreak-news/item/2022-DON390
Viruela de Mono, ¿quiénes son los de mayor riesgo de contagio? - Salud - ELTIEMPO.COM [Internet]. [cited 2022 Aug 17]. Available from: https://www.eltiempo.com/salud/viruela-de-mono-quienes-son-los-de-mayorriesgo-de-contagio-673998
Fourth monkeypox case identified in Belgium, more expected [Internet]. [cited 2022 Aug 17]. Available from: https://www.brusselstimes.com/health/226928/fourth-monkeypox-case-identified-in-belgium-more-expected
Lapa D, Carletti F, Mazzotta V, Matusali G, Pinnetti C, Meschi S, et al. Monkeypox virus isolation from a semen sample collected in the early phase of infection in a patient with prolonged seminal viral shedding. Lancet Infect Dis [Internet]. 2022 Aug 2 [cited 2022 Aug 17];0(0). Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35931095
Risk assessment: Monkeypox multi-country outbreak [Internet]. [cited 2022 Aug 17]. Available from: https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/risk-assessment-monkeypox-multi-country-outbreak
Cherry JD, McIntosh K, Connor JD, Benenson AS, Alling DW, Rolfe UT, et al. Clinical and serologic study of four smallpox vaccines comparing variations of dose and route of administration. Primary percutaneous vaccination. J Infect Dis [Internet]. 1977 [cited 2022 Aug 17];135(1):145–54. Available from: doi: 10.1093/infdis/135.1.145
Vandenbogaert M, Kwasiborski A, Gonofio E, Descorps-Declère S, Selekon B, Andy A, et al. Nanopore sequencing of a monkeypox virus strain isolated from a pustular lesion in the Central African Republic. Sci Reports 2022 121 [Internet]. 2022 Jun 24 [cited 2022 Aug 17];12(1):1–13. Available from: doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-15073-1
Kugelman JR, Johnston SC, Mulembakani PM, Kisalu N, Lee MS, Koroleva G, et al. Genomic Variability of Monkeypox Virus among Humans, Democratic Republic of the Congo. Emerg Infect Dis [Internet]. 2014 Feb [cited 2022 Aug 17];20(2):232. Available from: doi: 10.3201/eid2002.130118
INS ha entrenado 28 laboratorios para diagnóstico Viruela Símica en el país [Internet]. [cited 2022 Aug 17]. Available from: https://www.ins.gov.co/Noticias/Paginas/INS-ha-entrenado-28-laboratorios-para-diagnostico-Viruela-Simica-en-el-pais.aspx
Monkeypox cases reported in UK and Portugal [Internet]. [cited 2022 Aug 17]. Available from: https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/news-events/monkeypox-cases-reported-uk-and-portugal
Rapid risk assessment: Monkeypox cases in the UK imported by travellers returning from Nigeria, 2018 [Internet]. [cited 2022 Aug 17]. Available from: https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/rapid-riskassessment-monkeypox-cases-uk-imported-travellers-returning-nigeria
Interim Clinical Considerations for Use of JYNNEOS and ACAM2000 Vaccines during the 2022 U.S. Monkeypox Outbreak | Monkeypox | Poxvirus | CDC [Internet]. [cited 2022 Aug 17]. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/poxvirus/monkeypox/considerations-for-monkeypox-vaccination.html
Monkeypox Update: FDA Authorizes Emergency Use of JYNNEOS Vaccine to Increase Vaccine Supply | FDA [Internet]. [cited 2022 Aug 17]. Available from: https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/monkeypox-update-fda-authorizes-emergency-use-jynneos-vaccine-increase-vaccine-supply
Monkeypox and Smallpox Vaccine Guidance | Monkeypox | Poxvirus | CDC [Internet]. [cited 2022 Aug 17]. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/poxvirus/monkeypox/clinicians/smallpox-vaccine.html
Millward G. Vaccinating Britain: Mass vaccination and the public since the Second World War [Internet]. 2019 [cited 2022 Aug 17]; Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK545998/
Kozlov M. Monkeypox vaccination begins — can the global outbreaks be contained? Nature. 2022 Jun 16;606(7914):444–5.
FDA approves the first drug with an indication for treatment of smallpox | FDA [Internet]. [cited 2022 Aug 17]. Available from: https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/fda-approves-first-drug-indicationtreatment-smallpox
FDA approves drug to treat smallpox | FDA [Internet]. [cited 2022 Aug 17]. Available from: https://www.fda.gov/drugs/news-events-human-drugs/fda-approves-drug-treat-smallpox
Adler H, Gould S, Hine P, Snell LB, Wong W, Houlihan CF, et al. Clinical features and management of human monkeypox: a retrospective observational study in the UK. Lancet Infect Dis [Internet]. 2022 Aug 1 [cited 2022 Aug 17];22(8):1153–62. Available from: doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(22)00228-6
Este trabalho está licenciado sob uma licença Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Copyright (c) 2022 Brigitte Ofelia Peña-López, Bladimiro Rincón-Orozco, María Carolina Velasquez-Martínez